40 Mark Question Plan: Crime and Deviance in relation to Age Flashcards

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1
Q

In evaluations for the CAGE questions, what do you argue?

A

How another factor has a larger influence on crime

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2
Q

How many paragraphs must you write?

A

7

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3
Q

Which 2 paragraphs that are not main point paragraphs do you need?

A

Introduction, Conclusion

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4
Q

What is the structure for writing main point paragraphs?

A

PEELE

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5
Q

How many main point paragraphs must you have?

A

5

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6
Q

What must you do after giving your main supporting point in an argument?

A

Link it to the question

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7
Q

Which part of school were the lads in?

A

Secondary school

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8
Q

Which Neo-Marxist studied the lads?

A

Willis

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9
Q

What did the lads do in lessons?

A

Had a “laff”

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10
Q

Why did the lads “have a laff” in lessons?

A

To prepare for the mundane life of working in a factory

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11
Q

Why did the lads want to work in factories?

A

To follow in the footsteps of their fathers

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12
Q

How did the lads see their fathers?

A

As role models

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13
Q

What would Left Realists argue is a larger factor for causing crime?

A

Ethnicity

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14
Q

Which Left Realists said black youths are marginalised?

A

Lea and Young

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15
Q

According to Lea and Young, how are black youths marginalised in school?

A

They are not given extra help in lessons

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16
Q

According to Lea and Young, how are black people treated in wider society?

A

The police are more harsh with them

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17
Q

What does 2020 Home Office Data show about how many times more likely Black people are to be stopped and searched?

A

9 times more likely

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18
Q

What is the impact for black people being marginalised by authorities?

A

They start to resent the police and commit crimes

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19
Q

Which Right Realist would argue age relates to crime?

A

Murray

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20
Q

How would Murray say age relates to crime?

A

Youths who experience inefficient primary socialisation will commit crimes

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21
Q

What did Murray say is the impact of inefficient primary socialisation?

A

Youths do not understand the importance of having a male breadwinner role model

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22
Q

Which class idea does Murray create?

A

The underclass

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23
Q

Which class of children are more likely to experience inefficient primary socialisation?

A

The underclass

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24
Q

What form of poor people would Murray argue inefficient socialisation creates?

A

Unrespectable poor people

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25
Q

Who are unrespectable poor people?

A

People in the underclass who commit crimes and take benefits

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26
Q

What would Sewell say to add onto Murray’s argument in terms of finding a role model?

A

Not having a male breadwinner role model will cause youths to turn to another role model

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27
Q

What role model might youths turn to according to Sewell?

A

Rappers

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28
Q

What do rappers do with authority?

A

They resist it

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29
Q

What will be the impact of having rapper role models for young people?

A

They will also resist authority

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30
Q

How might young people resist authority in school?

A

Join anti-school subcultures

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31
Q

What would Feminists argue is a larger factor influencing crime rather than age?

A

Gender

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32
Q

Who created the concept of hegemonic masculinity?

A

Messerschmidt

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33
Q

Name one of the hegemonic masculinity values

A

Strength

34
Q

What do men under hegemonic masculinity try and keep with their wife?

A

Try to keep control

35
Q

What did Messerschmidt say will happen if men feel they are losing control of their wife?

A

They will commit domestic abuse on them

36
Q

What occurs for men when they commit domestic abuse against their wife?

A

They are reasserting control over their wives

37
Q

Which Functionalist created social bond theory?

A

Hirschi

38
Q

According to Hirschi, why do social bonds prevent people from committing crimes?

A

They take up lots of time

39
Q

What is the social bond of involvement?

A

Involvement in family members

40
Q

Why does the social bond of involvement prevent adults from committing crimes?

A

They might lose their family if they commit crimes

41
Q

What is the social bond of belief?

A

Belief in the law

42
Q

Why does the social bond of belief prevent adults from committing crimes?

A

They will respect the law system

43
Q

What do retreatist subcultures involve?

A

Young people doing hard drugs

44
Q

What would Interactionists argue crime is linked to more?

A

Labelling

45
Q

What did Becker say about labelling by authority figures?

A

It was more likely to become a master status

46
Q

What is a master status?

A

A label that overrides all other characteristics of someone

47
Q

According to Becker, what happens to people who have had a master status over time?

A

They become a self-fulfilling prophecy

48
Q

Name an Interactionist who studied a youth subculture that experienced a self-fulfilling prophecy

A

Chambliss

49
Q

Which youth subculture were given a negative master status according to Chambliss?

A

The Roughnecks

50
Q

What was the impact for the Rougnecks in terms of negative labelling when they were adults?

A

2 of them became criminals

51
Q

What concept did the Functionalists, Cloward and Ohlin create?

A

Opportunity Structures

52
Q

What are the 2 types of opportunity structures?

A

Legitimate opportunity structures, illegitimate opportunity structures

53
Q

What do legitimate opportunity structures allow people to do?

A

Succeed in society by getting a job

54
Q

What do illegitimate opportunity structures allow people to do?

A

Succeed in socially unacceptable ways

55
Q

Which age of people are more likely to use illegitimate opportunity structures?

A

Young people

56
Q

Name 2 types of illegitimate opportunity structure youth cultures young people may join

A

Conflict subcultures, retreatist subcultures

57
Q

What do conflict subcultures involve?

A

Young people protecting their territory

58
Q

Which Feminist would argue crime is more related to gender in terms of deals?

A

Carlen

59
Q

Which 2 ‘deals’ did Carlen say women had in society?

A

Class deal and gender deal

60
Q

What does the class deal say?

A

If women work hard they will be financially rewarded

61
Q

What does the gender deal say?

A

If women follow their gender roles they will be emotionally rewarded

62
Q

What will women be emotionally rewarded with?

A

A family

63
Q

Why did some women Carlen studied feel they could not follow the class deal?

A

They did not have the qualifications to get high-status jobs

64
Q

Why did some women Carlen studied feel they could not follow the gender deal?

A

They had been in abusive relationships

65
Q

What did the women in Carlen’s study do when they felt unable to conform to the deals in society?

A

They turned to committing crimes

66
Q

Who studied girls in gangs?

A

Batchelor

67
Q

Which deal would be present that girls felt they could not conform to in Batchelor’s study?

A

Gender Deal

68
Q

Why did the girls in Batchelor’s study feel unable to conform to the gender deal?

A

They had dysfunctional families

69
Q

Why did the girls in Batchelor’s study seek belonging in gangs by not being able to conform to the gender deal?

A

To feel a sense of belonging

70
Q

Which 2 Postmodernists would say young people are more likely to commit crime in the modern day?

A

Katz, Lyng

71
Q

What did Lyng say made young people want to commit crime more in the present day?

A

CCTV installation

71
Q

What did Lyng say committing crimes was for young people?

A

Edgework

72
Q

What is edgework?

A

Committing a crime for the thrill of getting away with it or the danger of getting caught

73
Q

Why do more young people commit crime due to CCTV according to Lyng?

A

It makes getting away with it more difficult

74
Q

Which Interactionist would say the media is a larger reason for crimes to be committed?

A

Cohen

74
Q

Which did Katz say about why young people commit crime?

A

It has a seductive nature to it

75
Q

According to Katz, what do young people get from committing crimes?

A

They get pleasure from committing crimes

75
Q

What occurred when more young people got involved with mods and rocker fights due to the moral panic?

A

Deviancy amplification

75
Q

What was the impact for young people who saw the mods and rockers moral panic?

A

They wanted to get their own 15 minutes of fame

76
Q

What did Cohen find was created by the media with the mods and rockers?

A

A moral panic

77
Q

What form of deviancy amplification was there in the mods and rockers moral panic?

A

There was more violence

77
Q
A