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Sociology - Crime and Deviance > Functionalism Negative C&D Functions > Flashcards

Functionalism Negative C&D Functions Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Who said the value consensus of society is weakened in times of change?

A

Durkheim

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2
Q

What does a weakened value consensus pose a threat to?

A

Social stability

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3
Q

What is it called when many people in society do not know what norms and values to follow?

A

Anomie

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4
Q

What might happen if people act in selfish ways?

A

Crime will increase

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4
Q

Name a recent period of time where society greatly changed

A

Covid-19 Lockdowns

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4
Q

Name 2 laws people broke during the Lockdowns

A

Going out for more than 1 hour, not wearing masks

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5
Q

What does it mean if people do not follow the value consensus?

A

They start to act in selfish ways

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5
Q

Why do upper class people believe they can get away with corporate crimes in terms of responsibility?

A

Because responsibility is diffused

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6
Q

What do Functionalists ignore with their view of uncertainty over norms and values resulting in crimes, according to Marxists?

A

Many crimes created during periods of instability are done by the upper class

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7
Q

Which Marxist created the 3 reasons why upper class people get away with CC’s?

A

Croall

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7
Q

Why do upper class people believe they can get away with corporate crimes in terms of meeting victims?

A

Victims and Offenders rarely meet

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8
Q

Why do upper class people believe they can get away with corporate crimes in terms of victims’ knowledge?

A

Victims may not know that they are victims

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9
Q

Which 2 types of crimes are upper class people more likely to commit in society?

A

Corporate Crimes, White Collar Crimes

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9
Q

Which Functionalist observed why most people did not commit crimes in relation to social bonds?

A

Hirschi

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10
Q

Why is the social bond of involvement with others a prevention of crime?

A

Because it leaves us with less time to commit crimes

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10
Q

Why is the social bond of attatchment to others a prevention of crime?

A

Because the risk of committing a crime and losing everything is too great

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10
Q

Why is belief in the law a prevention of crime?

A

Because it means people will believe the law system is beneficial for society

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11
Q

Why are the social bond factors more likely to apply to adults?

A

Because they have had time to develop these bonds

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11
Q

Why is investment in what we have a prevention of crime?

A

Everything we spend time building up could be lost if you committed a crime

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12
Q

Why will the attachment to others social bond be weaker for young people?

A

Young people will have less attachment to others in society

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13
Q

Why will the involvement with others social bond be weaker for young people?

A

Young people have less things to involve themselves in so might take up the time by committing crimes

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14
Q

Name a group of people in school that young people will not be attatched to

A

Their peers

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15
Q

Why will the belief in the law social bond be weaker for young people?

A

They have not developed a connection with the law

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15
Q

Why will the investment in what we have social bond be weaker for young people?

A

Because they have not built up their own family or their own career

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16
Q

Which age group is most likely to be in prison?

A

30 to 39 year olds

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17
Q

Which organization has data on prison populations going against Hirschi’s argument?

A

The Home Office

18
Q

What could be argued about judges with young offenders?

A

They are more lenient with young offenders

19
Q

Why would prison statistics be inaccurate if judges were lenient to young offenders?

A

It would mean there would be less young people in prison who should be

20
Q

Name a case where a young person had a lenient judge

A

Brock Turner Case

21
Q

How old was Brock Turner?

A

19 years old?

22
Q

What crime had Brock Turner committed?

A

Sexual Assault

23
Q

What prison sentence was given to Brock Turner?

A

6 months

23
Q

Why was Brock Turner given a short sentence?

A

The judge did not want to give a sentence that would impact his career

24
Q

How many months in prison did Brock Turner actually serve?

A

3 months

25
Q

What career did Brock Turner have?

A

A swimming career

25
Q

Which data found the most populated age for people in prison is 30 to 39 years old?

A

2020 Home Office Data

26
Q

Which functionalist created the concept of strain?

A

Merton

26
Q

What was the American Dream?

A

To be wealthy and successful

27
Q

What was an issue with the social structure of the USA for the American Dream?

A

It was not suited for everyone to achieve the American Dream

27
Q

Which class in society found it harder to achieve the American Dream?

A

Working class

28
Q

How many ways did Merton argue there were to following the socially acceptable goals?

A

5

29
Q

What were the 4 adaptations as alternatives to being a Conformist?

A

Innovator, Rebel, Ritualist, Retreatist

30
Q

What was the name of the way most individuals approached socially acceptable goals?

A

Conformists

31
Q

How would Ritualists approach the American Dream?

A

They would give up on trying to achieve it but continue to have a job

32
Q

How would Retreatists approach the American Dream?

A

They would give up on using the socially approved means of the American Dream and instead receive benefits

33
Q

What did Chambliss say the Capitalist system did?

A

Encourage people to consume endlessly

33
Q

How would Rebels approach the American dream?

A

They would reject it and make their own goals

34
Q

What would Marxists say about Merton’s strain theory?

A

He ignores the people who created the American Dream for a specific purpose

35
Q

What would Marxists argue about the purpose of the American Dream was?

A

To keep the proletariat trying to achieve a goal that they would not achieve

36
Q

Which Functionalist observed a deviant youth culture experiencing status frustration?

A

Cohen

36
Q

Name 2 crimes which the working class boys committed in Cohen’s study

A

Vandalism, Violence

36
Q

What concept did Cohen create?

A

Status frustration

37
Q

What was the financial benefit of the crimes committed in Cohen’s study?

A

Because it did not give the participants any financial gain

38
Q

What is status frustration?

A

When working class students aspire to gain status in school but fail

39
Q

How do working class boys respond to status frustration?

A

They join anti-school subcultures

40
Q

Why do working class boys join anti-school subcultures as a response to status frustration?

A

Because they believe it will help them achieve status

40
Q

What do the working class boys do to middle class values?

A

They invert them

41
Q

Name a middle class value about school that was inverted by the working class boys

A

Middle class value of education being useful was changed to be seen as pointless

41
Q

What would Postmodernists say about Crime being a response to status frustration?

A

This idea is outdated

42
Q

What would Lyng say about why young people commit crime?

A

They commit it for the thrill of getting away with it or the excitement of getting caught

43
Q

What does Lyng say about the increase in CCTV?

A

It makes people more likely to commit crimes?

44
Q

Why does Lyng argue CCTV will cause more crime?

A

It is more difficult to get away with the crime

45
Q

What would Katz say about why young people commit crime?

A

It has a seductive element to it

Sociology - Crime and Deviance (180 decks)

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