Lymphoid Organ and Cells of Immune System Flashcards
Primary lymphoid organs includes
Bone Marrow and Thymus
the site of B cells and T cell maturation.
Primary Lymphoid Organ: Bone Marrow and Thymus
Secondary lymphoid organ includes
Lymph Nodes, Tonsils, Appendix, Spleen, Peyer’s Patchers
It is the site of proliferation and differentiation of T cells and B cells.
Secondary lymphoid organ
Trapping site of pathogens, Production of
antibodies and site of phagocytosis.
Secondary lymphoid organ
Cells of immune system: innate immunity
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Mast Cell
Macrophage
Dendritic Cells
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes; respond to bacterial infection.
Neutrophil
Produce toxic proteins against certain parasites.
Eosinophil
Responds to allergic and hypersensitivity reactions.
Basophil
Tissue based basophil; binds with IgE.
Mast Cell
Precursor of monocyte; cells that migrate to the tissue; APC’s or Antigen Presenting Cell
Macrophage
Resemble the dendrites of nerve cells; APC’s
Dendritic cells
Cells that responds to bacterial infection.
Neutrophil
It is highly phagocytic and motile cells.
Neutrophil
Neutrophil is active in the ______ stage of infection.
initial
lobes of neutrophil
2 to 5 lobes
It has a phagocytic effect and have the ability
to leave the blood.
Eosinophil
eosinophil major role is to produce toxic proteins against parasites such as _______.
helminths
It releases substances such as histamine, that are important in inflammation and allergic response.
BASOPHIL and MAST CELL
Mast cells resembles _____ but larger
and more granules, it bind with ____.
basophils ; IgE
It has a major role in phagocytosis and antigen
presenting cells.
Macrophage
2 types of macrophage
Fixed
Wandering
it is like a check post that will not allow the intruder to enter critical locations in the body.
Fixed Macrophage
are roaming around connective tissue throughout the body.
Wandering Macrophage
dendritic cells is believed to derived from _____
monocytes
- Covered with long membranous extensions.
- Phagocytize antigen and present it to helper T lymphocytes.
- Most potent phagocytic cell in the tissue.
DENDRITIC CELLS
It kills extracellular organisms only.
Phagocytosis
stages of phagocytosis
- Initiation Stage
- Chemotaxis
- Engulfment
- Digestion
- Excretion
substances released by the cells
Cytokines
cytokines includes
- Interleukins
- Interferon
- Tumor Necrosis Factor
- Chemokines
- Betalysin
- Complement
an overall reaction of the body to injury or invasion by an infectious agent that is described by ________
Inflammation ; Aulus Cornelius Celsus
functions of inflammation
- To destroy injurious agent.
- To limit the effects on the body by confining or walling off injurious agent and its by products.
- To repair or replace tissue damaged by the injurious agent or by its product.
cardinal signs of inflammation
i. Rubor: Redness
ii. Calor: Heat
iii. Dolor: Pain
iv. Tumor: Swelling
v. Functio Laesa: Loss of Function
STAGES OCCUR IN INFLAMMATION
- Vascular Response
- Cellular Response
- Resolution and Repair
Increased the blood supply and increased capillary permeability.
Vascular Response
Migration of PMNs from the capillaries to the surrounding of tissues.
Cellular response
Migration of macrophages to the injured sites.
Cellular response
resolution and repair stage of inflammation is initiated by ________
fibroblast proliferation
cells of immune system: adaptive immunity
T cells, B cells and Natural Killer Cells
chief lymphocytes in blood and lymph.
T cells
precursor cell in antibody production.
B cells
it kills infected and malignant cells.
Natural Killer Cells
Cells of Immune System: Adaptive Immunity
T cells subsets
CD4
CD8
a t-cell subset that is a Helper cells or Inducer cells
CD4
a t-cell subset that is a Suppressor or Cytotoxic cells
CD8
T cells development
- Double Negative Thymocytes
- Double Positive Thymocytes
- Mature T cells
- Activated T cells
- Sensitized T cells
B cells development
- Pro B Cells
- Pre B Cells
- Immature Cells
- Mature B Cells
- Activated B Cells
B cell development with successful rearrangement of heavy chain genes
Pro B Cells
B cell development with synthesis of the heavy chain part of the antibody molecule and surrogate light chain.
Pre B Cells
Immature cells in B cell development is distinguished by the appearance of complete _____ molecules on the cell surface.
IgM
Completion of light chain rearrangements commits (in what B cell development?)
Immature Cells
In mature B cells (B cells development), ___ and ___ is present on the surface.
IgM and IgD
Activated B Cells exhibit identifying markers that include _____ which is found on both activated T cells and B cells and act as a receptor for ______.
CD25 ; interleukin 2
antibody production
Plasma Cells
