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HEMA 2 - PLATELETS (charac) Flashcards

1
Q

stem cell & developmental pathway

A

hemocytoblast - megakaryoblast - promegakaryocyte - megakaryocyte - platelets

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2
Q

platelet development process

A

stem cell → multipotent progenitor cell → committed megakaryocyte-progenitor cell → immature megakaryocyte → mature magakaryocyte → platelets

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3
Q

stem cell includes

A

Steel Factor
Thrombopoietin

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4
Q

multipotent progenitor cell includes

A

Steel Factor
IL-3
IL-6
IL-11
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor
G-CSF
Thrombopoietin

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5
Q

committed megakaryocyte-progenitor cell includes

A

Steel Factor
IL-3
IL-6
IL-11
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor
Erythropoietin
Thrombopoietin

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6
Q

Immature megakaryocyte includes

A

IL-6
IL-11
Thrombopoietin

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7
Q

mature megakaryocyte includes

A

Thrombopoietin

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8
Q

Metabolically active cell fragments

A

Mature Platelet/Thrombocyte

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9
Q

Anuclear Cells

A

Mature Platelet/Thrombocyte

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10
Q

Platelet Ultrastructure

A

Pheripheral Zone
Structural Zone
Membrane Systems
Organelle Zone

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11
Q

Platelet Ultrastructure: Pheriperal Zone includes

A

Glycocalyx
Membrane

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12
Q

Platelet Ultrastructure: Structural Zone includes

A

Microtubules
Submembranous cytoskeleton
Actin (G and F forms)
Myosin

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13
Q

Platelet Ultrastructure: Membrane Systems includes

A

Open Canalicular System
Dense Tubular System

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14
Q

Platelet Ultrastructure: Organelle Zone includes

A

Mitochondrion
Glycogen
Dense Body
Lysosome
Alpha Granules

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15
Q

Ultrastructure of Platelet

A
  1. Peripheral Zone
  2. Sol-Gel Zone
  3. Organelle Zone
  4. Membranous System
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16
Q

Peripheral Zone includes

A

Glycocalyx
Plasma Membrane

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17
Q

outer surface of peripheral zone

A

Glycocalyx

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18
Q

Consists 30 or more glycoproteins, phospholipids & platelet VIII:vWF

A

Plasma Membrane

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19
Q

Plasma Membrane includes

A

Glycoprotein Ib
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
Glycoprotein Va
Submembranous Area

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20
Q

receptor for von Willebrand’s factor (vWF)

A

Glycoprotein Ib

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21
Q

receptor for fibrinogen

A

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa

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22
Q

receptor for thrombin

A

Glycoprotein Va

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23
Q

sol-gel zone includes

A

Microfilaments
Microtubules

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24
Q

responsible for clot retraction

A

Actin and Myosin

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25
Actin and Myosin is also known as ______ or ______
Actomyosin or Thrombosthenin
26
comprises 15% of all CHONS (protein) in the platelets
Actin and Myosin
27
responsible for maintaining the shape
microtubules
28
organelle zone consists of
Alpha granules Dense granules Mitochondria
29
_______ includes platelet factor, platelet-derived GF, platelet fibrinogen, Factor V, vWF, B-thromboglobulin, thrombospondin, fibronectin, & platelet albumin
Alpha Granules
30
______ includes Ca, ADP, Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine)
Dense Granules
31
for energy production
Mitochondria
32
membranous system includes
Dense Tubular System Open Canalicular System
33
serves as the site of Arachidonic acid metabolism
Dense Tubular System
34
Also functions as a Calcium-sequestering pump that maintains platelet cytoplasmic Ca levels
Dense Tubular System
35
release of granules
Open Canalicular System
36
Provides direct communication between intracellular and extracellular compartments
Open Canalicular System
37
stages of platelet maturation
Stage I - megakaryoblast Stage II - promegakaryocyte Stage III - granular megakaryocyte Stage IV - mature megakaryocyte
38
Size: 20-50 um, earliest recognizable
Megakaryoblast (Stage I)
39
Size: 20-60 um
Promegakaryocyte
40
Size: 30-90 um
Granular Megakaryocyte
41
Size: 40-120 um, largest cell in the bone marrow
Mature Megakaryocyte
42
NUCLEUS morphology: round oval, or may be kidney shaped chromatin: fine nucleoli: multiple nucleoli nuclei: ----
Megakaryoblast (Stage I)
43
NUCLEUS morphology: Irregular in shape, maybe horseshoe shpaed chromatin: coarse nucleoli: multiple nucleoli nuclei: ---
Promegakaryocyte (Stage II)
44
NUCLEUS morphology: smaller size chromatin: coarser than stage II nucleoli: no nucleoli visible nuclei: multiple nuclei visible
Granular Megakaryocyte (Stage III)
45
NUCLEUS morphology: Multilobulated chromatin: Coarse and Linear nucleoli: No nucleoli visible nuclei: Multiple nuclei present or nucleus is multilobulated
Mature Megakaryocyte
46
CYTOPLASM color: deeply basophilic (blue), usually darker than myeloblast amount: small - moderate granules: nongranular or rare N/C: 10:1 (high)
Megakaryoblast (Stage 1)
47
CYTOPLASM color: less basophilic amount: more abundant granules: granules begin to form in the golgi region N/C: 4:1 - 7:1 (high)
Promegakaryocyte (stage II)
48
CYTOPLASM color: pinkish amount: abundant granules: very fine & diffusely granular N/C: 2:1 - 1:1 (low)
Granular Megakaryocyte (stage III)
49
CYTOPLASM color: totally pink amount: abundant granules: Coarse clumps of granules aggregating into little bundles, which bud off from the periphery to become platelets. N/C: less than 1:1 (low)
Mature Megakaryocyte
50
substances that promote coagulation (role in hemostasis)
Fibrinogen Factor V Factor VIII
51
source of the subtances Fibrinogen, Factor V and Factor VIII
Alpha Granules
52
Principal/Function: Contact activation of intrinsic coagulation pathway
Fibrinogen
53
Principal/Function: Cofactor in fibrin clot formation
Factor V
54
Principal/Function: Assists platelet adhesion to subendoethelium to provide coagulation surface
Factor VIII
55
substances that promote aggregation (role in hemostasis)
ADP Calcium Platelet Factor 4 Thrombospondin
56
source of the substances ADP, Calcium
Dense Bodies
57
source of the substances Platelet Factor 4, Thrombospondin
Alpha Granules
58
Principal/Function: promote platelet aggregation
ADP Calcium Platelet Factor 4 Thrombospondin
59
substances that promote vasoconstriction
Serotonin Thromboxane A2 Precursors
60
source of serotonin
Dense Bodies
61
source of Thromboxane A2 precursors
Membrane Phospholipids
62
Principal/Function: promotes vasoconstriction at injury site
Serotonin Thromboxane A2 Precursors
63
substances that promote vascular repair
Platelet-derived Growth Factor Beta Thromboglobulin
64
source of the substances Platelet-derived Growth Factor, Beta Thromboglobulin
Alpha granules
65
substances that other systems affected (role in hemostasis)
Plasminogen C1 esterase inhibitor
66
source of the subtance Plasminogen, C1 esterase inhibitor
Alpha Granules
67
Principal/Function: Promotes smooth muscle growth for vessel repair
Platelet-derived growth factor
68
Principal/Function: Chemotactic for fibroblasts to help in vessel repair
Beta thromboglobulin
69
Principal/Function: Precursor to plasmin, which induces clot lysis
Plasminogen
70
Principal/Function: Complement system inhibitor
C1 esterase inhibitor

MT2 (45 decks)

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