Lecture 6: Hemolymphatic system II

Question 1

what are some examples of lymphoproliferative hematopoietic neoplasia

Answer 1

1. Lymphoid leukemia
2. Lymphoma
3. Plasma cell tumors- plasmacytoma, multiple myeloma

Question 2

what are some myeloproliferative hematopoietic neoplasia

Answer 2

histiocytic, mast cell tumors, myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome

Question 3

where does lymphoid leukemia originate

Answer 3

Bone marrow—> blood

Question 4

where does lymphoma originate

Answer 4

extramedullary origin—> tissue/organs

Question 5

what is the most common hematopoietic malignancy in animals

Answer 5

lymphoma

Question 6

what are the anatomical locations of lymphoma

Answer 6

1. Cutaneous
2. Multicentric- 2 or more organs
3. Thymic

Question 7

what are the immunophenotypes of lymphoma

Answer 7

T cell and B cell

Question 8

what ultrasound or necropsy finding is typical of lymphoma

Answer 8

organomegaly

Question 9

Do you have rengerative or non-regenerative anemia in lymphoma

Answer 9

non-regenerative

Question 10

what abnormal finding would be see on chemistry in lymphoma and why

Answer 10

hypercalcemic due to production of PTHrp by neoplastic cells

Question 11

is T cell or B cell more common lymphoma type in cats

Answer 11

T cell

Question 12

young cats or older cats: FeLV/retrovirus associated lymphoma

Answer 12

young cats

Question 13

where do young cats typically get masses with FeLV associated lymphoma

Answer 13

thymic/mediastinal
Multicentric

Question 14

where do older cats typically get lymphoma

Answer 14

gastrointestinal

Question 15

Suspected T cell lymphoma in cats- where are the lesions and which one is more common in old vs young cats. Which ones are retroviral induced

Answer 15

left: thymic/mediastinal , young cat, retroviral
Middle: Multicentric, young cat, retroviral induced
Right: GI, older cat, not retroviral induced

Question 16

is B or T cell lymphoma more common in dogs

Answer 16

B cell

Question 17

what lesions do you see in dogs with B cell lymphoma

Answer 17

generalized lymph node enlargement

Question 18

from dog, based on these lesions what do you suspect

Answer 18

B cell lymphoma

Question 19

older or younger cattle: BLV associated (retroviral) induce lymphoma

Answer 19

older cattle

Question 20

what type of lymphoma do older cattle typically get

Answer 20

B cell

Question 21

__% of cattle with BLV develop lymphoma

Answer 21

5%

Question 22

where are lesions of B cell lymphoma in cattle commonly found

Answer 22

abomasum, vertebral canal, heart, retrobulbar, uterus

Question 23

young cattle get what type of lymphoma

Answer 23

T cell lymphoma

Question 24

where are the lesions of T cell lymphoma in young cattle

Answer 24

thymus, Multicentric, cutaneous

Question 25

Lesions from cattle, owner informs you the cow is BLV positive. What is likely diagnosis

Answer 25

B cell lymphoma

Question 26

what type of lymphoma do horses get

Answer 26

B cell ( specifically T cell rich)

Question 27

what cells are activated B lymphocytes that produce antibodies

Answer 27

plasma cells

Question 28

each plasma cell is only capable of producing ___of antibody directed towards one antigen

Answer 28

on specific type of clone

Question 29

If you have lots of monoclonal antibodies the source is likely ___

Answer 29

neoplastic plasma cell

Question 30

if you detect polyclonal antibodies it is likely a response to ___

Answer 30

infection

Question 31

T or F: plasmocytomas are usually malignant

Answer 31

false-benign

Question 32

where are plasmocytomas found

Answer 32

cutaneous or MM

Question 33

what is likely dx

Answer 33

Plasmocytoma

Question 34

what is multiple myeloma

Answer 34

malignant proliferation of plasma cells

Question 35

what species is multiple myeloma most common in

Answer 35

dogs

Question 36

what is the origin of multiple myeloma

Answer 36

bone marrow, most commonly vertebrae

Question 37

2-3 of the following what 4 things must occur for dx of multiple myeloma

Answer 37

1. Many plasma cells in bone marrow >30% 2. Osteolysis 3. Monoclonal gammopathy 4. Light chain proteinuria

Question 38

necropsy and histo from dog who presented with severe back pain. What was likely cause

Answer 38

Multiple myeloma- many plasma cells and osteoblasts

Question 39

what are two common bloodwork finding associated with multiple myeloma

Answer 39

hyperglobulinemia- plasma cells making lots of antibodies hypercalcemia: increase osteoclast activity

Question 40

T or F: histiocytoma are benign and focal

Answer 40

true

Question 41

what species commonly get histiocytomas

Answer 41

young dogs

Question 42

where are histiocytomas often located

Answer 42

head and extremities

Question 43

T or F: histiocytoma tumors spontaneously regress

Answer 43

true

Question 44

young dog-what wrong

Answer 44

histiocytic tumor

Question 45

what is cutaneous reactive histiocytosis

Answer 45

Vasocentric proliferation of relatively benign looking macrophages (some lymphocytes)

Question 46

what is systemic reactive histiocytosis

Answer 46

identical vasocentric infiltrates found in LN, ocular and nasal mucosa, and internal organs

Question 47

what dog breed is predisposed to malignant histiocytic diseases

Answer 47

Bernese mountain dog

Question 48

what is wrong

Answer 48

Cutaneous reactive histiocytosis

Question 49

what are some gross findings histiocytic sarcoma

Answer 49

Nodular lesions in spleen, lung, LN

Question 50

what are some histo findings of histiocytic sarcoma

Answer 50

histiocytes are pleomorphic, multinucleated, atypical

Question 51

what are some gross findings of hemophagocytic subtype of histiocytic sarcoma

Answer 51

diffuse lesions on spleen

Question 52

what are some histo findings of hemophagocytic subtype of histiocytic sarcoma

Answer 52

infiltrates of atypical, pleomorphic histiocytes, erythrophagocytosis

Question 53

what wrong- what gross lesions and what histo show

Answer 53

Histiocytic sarcoma- nodules all over spleen Histo: highly pleomorphic and multinucleated

Question 54

what wrong- what gross and histo show

Answer 54

Hemophagocytic subtype of histiocytic sarcoma Gross: diffuse lesions on spleen Histo: pleomorphic histiocytes, erythrophagocytosis

Question 55

Identify the two histiocytic proliferative disorders cats get based on these images

Answer 55

Left: feline progressive histiocytosis- skin nodules to plaques Right: pulmonary histiocytosis

Question 56

what is the most common cause of uniform, bloody splenomegaly

Answer 56

barbiturate euthanasia

Question 57

what causes acute hyperemia of spleen

Answer 57

any bacterial septicemia (anthrax, salmonellosis)

Question 58

what causes acute hemolytic anemia

Answer 58

acute phagocytosis and sequestration

Question 59

what causes uniform, meaty splenomegaly

Answer 59

lymphoid hyperplasia, extravascular hemolytic anemia, primary neoplasia, and granulomatous inflammation

Question 60

what are causes of these 3 hyperplastic spleens

Answer 60

Left: splenic lymphoid hyperplasia 2. Extramedullary hematopoiesis 3. Monocyte-macrophage hyperplasia

Question 61

what wrong

Answer 61

Granulomatous inflammation

Question 62

what wrong

Answer 62

Endocarditis leading to emboli causing infarcts in spleen

Question 63

what wrong and identify 1-2

Answer 63

Incomplete contraction 1. Congestion 2. Contraction

Question 64

what top differential, also found tumor on right auricle

Answer 64

Splenic hemagiosarcoma

Question 65

What wrong

Answer 65

Splenic hematoma

Question 66

what is the etiology of splenic siderotic plaques

Answer 66

result of healing of sites of previous trauma and hemorrhage, often incidentally in geriatric patients

Question 67

what these

Answer 67

Splenic siderotic plaques

Question 68

what this and what is sequela

Answer 68

nodular lymphoid hyperplasia Can rupture—> hemoabdomen

Question 69

cheetah spleen, what is dx. Primary or secondary neoplasia

Answer 69

Myelolipomas Primary neoplasia

Question 70

what wrong

Answer 70

splenic abscesses

Question 71

primary or metastatic neoplasia

Answer 71

metastatic

Question 72

What wrong

Answer 72

splenic granuloma

Question 73

what is the most common cause of a small spleen

Answer 73

contraction

Question 74

what occurs when you fracture/ rupture spleen

Answer 74

1. +/- hemoabdomen 2. +/- splenosis

Question 75

what is shown here

Answer 75

Splenosis- splenic parenchyma scattered on the peritoneum forming daughter spleens which may be functional

Question 76

what is the origin of thymoma

Answer 76

epithelial

Question 77

necropsy of old goat. Goat was also diagnosed with myasthenia gravis (or exfoliative dermatitis)- what is likely dx

Answer 77

thymoma

Question 78

T cell thymic lymphoma is viral associated in __ and spontaneous in __ (what species)

Answer 78

youngs cat, young cows

Question 79

what can cause the thymus to be too small

Answer 79

viral infection (parvo, distemper, FIV, FeLV), malnutrition, cachxeia, aging, chemotherapy, toxins, irradiation

Question 80

stress which increases release of ___lead to decrease thymic weight through apoptosis

Answer 80

glucocorticoids

Question 81

what viruses can cause thymus to be too small

Answer 81

canine parvo, canine distemper, FeLV, FIV, PRRSV, BVDV

Question 82

what wrong

Answer 82

Lymphoid hyperplasia

Question 83

what is inflammation of lymph node

Answer 83

lymphadentitis

Question 84

lymph node of dog, what wrong

Answer 84

Acute lymphadentitis- firm, hyperemic, swollen

Question 85

horse LN- what wrong and what could have caused

Answer 85

acute suppurative lymphadentitis Cause: S. Equi/ strangles

Question 86

lymph node from goat who was recently sheared- what is likely cause

Answer 86

Caseous lymphadentitis due to corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 87

what wrong here and what are some diseases that can cause this

Answer 87

granulomatous lymphadentitis Causes: cryptococcus (fungi), tuberculosis, Johne’s disease