Lecture 25 and 26: Poultry 2 and 3 Flashcards
What type of virus is fowl pox
poxvirus, aviopoxvirus
what happens with the wet form of fowl pox
proliferative ulcerative stomatitis, laryngitis, esophagitis, tracheitis
what are some signs of wet form of fowl pox
Dysphagia, aspiration, suffocation
what are some ddx for wet form of fowl pox
candidiasis, trichomoniasis, hypovitaminosis A, capillariasis
what wrong with dry form of fowl pox n
proliferative crusting dermatitis, blepharitis of unfeathered regions
what are some signs of dry form of fowl pox
impede vision, smell and oral function
notice the following lesions and Bolinger bodies on histo. What is likely dx
wet and dry forms of fowl pox, avipoxvirus
what type of virus is infectious laryngotracheitis
alphaherpesvirus
What are some signs of infectious laryngotracheitis
dyspnea, fibrinonecrohemorrhagic tracheitis +/- pseudo membranes, tracheal and glottis occlusion by exudate
T or f: infectious laryngotracheitis is reportable
true
what wrong
Infectious laryngotracheitis
what type of virus is infectious bronchitis
coronavirus
what are some signs of infectious bronchitis
- Respiratory- serous tracheitis, airsacculitis, pneumonia
- Reproduction- thin albumen, wrinkled eggs
- Renal: pallor/swelling leading to urolithiasis and visceral gout
what wrong
Infectious bronchitis
t or f: infectious bronchitis is reportable
true
what type of virus is infectious bursal disease
birnavirus
infectious bursal disease is highly contagious in __week old birds, __morbidity, __ mortality
3-6 weeks old, high morbidity, moderate- high mortality
what is MOA of infectious bursal disease
destroys B lymphocytes of bursa of fabricous—> immunosuppression
what are some signs of infectious bursal disease
necrohemorrhagic edematous bursitis, hemorrhages of thighs and pectoral muscles
what is Subclinical form of infectious bursal disease characterized by
atrophied bursa= immunosuppression
what type of virus is Newcastle disease
paramyxovirus
what are the 3 virulent strains of Newcastle disease and relative mortality
lentogenic- negligible mortality
Mesogenic <10% mortality
Velogenic 90-100% mortality
what are some signs of Velogenic Newcastle disease
neurologic signs, hemorrhages, and edema, hemorrhage and necrosis of Cecal tonsils
t of f: new castle disease is zoonotic and reportable
true (Velogenic- reportable)
what wrong and what caused
Cecal tonsil hemorrhages
Cause: new castle disease
what is cause of avian cholera: fowl cholera
pasturella multocida
t or f: avian cholera is not reportable
false
avian cholera may cause __ and __ in large numbers
septicemia and death
what are the per acute, acute, and chronic signs of avian cholera/ fowl cholera
per acute: no gross lesions
Acute: necrohemorrhagic hepatitis, hemorrhages, salpingitis, pleuropneumonia
Chronic: fibrinoheterophilic exudate in wattles, joints, hocks, egg yolk peritonitis
Tons of birds died on property, necropsies showed the following signs- what wrong and what likely cause
hepatic necrosis, exudate in wattles, pleuropneumonia
Cause: avian cholera: fowl cholera (Pasturella multocida)
what does FESSE stand for in colibacillosis
F: fibrinoheterophilic inflammation
E: environmental disease
S: secondary: look for primary cause or husbandry issue
S: septicemia: polyserositis, omphalitis, salpingitis, hypopyon
E: E. Coli
what could cause the following signs
E. Coli
clostridial diseases effect __ or __ and cause __ inflammation
skin or intestines, necrotizing inflammation
C. Septicum and C. Perfringes in chickens causes what
necrotizing dermatitis (skin)
what is pathogenesis of C. Septicum and C. Perfringes causing necrotizing dermatitis in chickens
broilers overcrowded, wet little—> skin trauma—> environmental bacteria invade
C. Septicum and C. Perfringes causes what in turkeys
gangrenous dermatitis
what is pathogenesis of C. Septicum and C. Perfringes causing gangrenous dermatitis in turkeys
predisposed by large clostridia loads—> wet environments and host gut
Cannibalism may spread
what does C. Colinum cause in bobwhite quail
ulcerative enteritis
SI ulcers
Hepatitis
what is pathogenesis of C. Colinum causing ulcerative enteritis in bobwhite quail
horizontal transmission via feces or flies
what is mortality rate of C. Colinum in bobwhite quail
100% mortality in 2 weeks
what does C. Perfringes cause in chickens and turkeys
necrotic enteritis, fibrinonecrotizing enteritis
which clostridial disease causes “Turkish towel”
C. Perfringes
what wrong and what could have caused
necrotizing dermatitis
C. Perfringes or C. Septicum
turkey- what wrong and what could have caused
Gangrenous dermatitis, C. Perfringes and C. Septicum
bobwhite quail, what wrong and what could have caused
SI ulcers, hepatitis
C. Colinum
what wrong and what cause
Turkish towel
C. Perfringes
What are some signs of E. Rhusiopathie
widespread hemorrhage, endocarditis, swelling of head, fibrinous arthritis
t or f: E. Rhusiopathie is zoonotic
true
what wrong and what pathogenesis
footpad dermatitis
Husbandry issue—> repeated plantar damage—> bacteria invade—> pododermatitis—> osteomyelitis, arthritis, cellulitis, bacteremia
what systems does mycoplasmosis affect
joints and respiratory
which mycoplasma is reportable
Mycoplasma galliseptoicum
which mycoplasma infects turkeys
mycoplasma melagridis
what wrong and what could have caused these lesions
Swelling of infraorbital sinuses, airsacculitis, swelling of joints
Mycoplasma
who does avibacterium paragallinarium infect
chickens
what are some signs of avibacterium paragallinarium
decreased egg production, hyporexia, oculonasal discharge, face/eyelid edema, intraorbital sinusiits
perform necropsy and thick, fowl smelling pus comes out what is likely cause
avibacterium paragallinarium
what salmonella causes bacillary white diarrhea
salmonella pullorum
Salmonella pullorum often fatal in __
young birds
what are some lesions associated with salmonella pullorum
Cecal plugs (fibrinonecrotizing typhilitis)
with salmonella disease is reportable
S. Pullorum
what salmonella causes bronze liver in adults
salmonella gallinarium
what wrong and what could have caused
Cecal plug
Salmonellosis pullorum
what wrong and what could have caused
bronze liver
Salmonella gallinarium
what is cause or “raccoon eye” in turkeys
bordetella avium
what are some signs of raccoon eye
voice change/loss, snickering/flicking, mucous exudate, tracheitis, periocular feathers matted
what likely cause
Bordetella avium (raccoon eye)
Which of the following are more likely to be from mites vs lice
right- mites- extremity of feather
Left- lice- base of feather
what is ascariasis
infection with mites
What caused these lesions
scales leg mite: knemidocoptes mutants
knemidocoptes mutants targets __birds
older bites
how is knemidocoptes mutants transmitted
horizontal transmission via direct contact
what are some signs of knemidocoptes mutants
lameness, impedes joint flexion, toe amputation
What these
chigger mites
what capillarium requires indirect life cycle via earthworm and therefore less likely to be problem in indoor housing
C. Annulata
what this
capillariasis
Trachea- what these
syngamus trachea (gape worms)
what are some signs of syngamus trachea
dyspnea, coughing, gasping, head shaking, death due to suffocation, catarrhal tracheitis
what is the most common and most expensive disease of poultry
coccidiosis
where does eimeria tenella live and what does it cause
colon and cecum
Necrohemorrhagic typhilitis/colitis
what caused this
eimeria tenella
heterakis gallinarium is __worm of __ and __
cecal worm of chickens and turkeys
heterakis gallinarium is important vector for
histamines meleagridis
what species have high vs low susceptibility to histomonas meleagridis
high: turkeys
Low: chickens
what does histmonas meleagridis cause
necrotizing hepatitis, and fibrinonecrotizing typhilitis
what type of inflammation does aspergillosis/ A. Fumigates cause
fibrinonecrocaseous granulomatous airsacculitis
what is likely cause of these lesions
Aspergillus
what wrong
riboflavin deficiency, hypovitaminosis B2
what are some signs of vitamin E deficiency/ crazy chick disease
- Cerebellar encephalomalacia
- Muscle dystrophy
- Exudative diathesis
what wrong and what could have cause this
cherry cerebellum
Cause: vitamin E deficiency
what wrong and what pathogenesis
ascites syndrome, hydropericardium
Rapid growth of muscle develop but low lung volume: body weight ratio—> large muscles demand O2 and resp. Can’T keep up—> increase cardiac output to increase pulmonary perfusion—> pulmonary hypertension—> increase workload of RV—> RV dilates and fails—> RSHF—> increase venous pressure and hydrostatic pressure—> ascites, hydropericardium, pulmonary edema, cyanosis—> death by suffocation
What wrong and what pathogenesis
deep pectoral myopathy/ green muscle dz
Birds flapping wings a lot—> swelling of supracoracoideus muscle—> increase pressure on fascial sheath and dorsal sternum—> vascular occlusion—> decrease vascular perfusion—> ischemic necrosis
what is wrong and what are two possible pathogenesis
Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome
Path #1: hepatic lipidosis—> hepatocellular vacuole swelling—> disrupt reticulum structure of hepatic plates—> sinusoidal hemorrhage—> hepatic rupture—> fatal hemocoleom
Path #2: hepatocellular swelling—> excessive lipid metabolism—> free radical mediated destruction of reticulum—> sinusoidal hemorrhage—> hepatic rupture—> fatal hemocoleom
