Lecture 22: Urinary Pathology 4 Flashcards by Jen McGann

What species does stephanurus dentatus infect

swine

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what is pathogenesis of stephanurus dentatus

Ingestion of larvae or infected earthworm or dermal penetration of larvae
Larvae migrate from intestine—> liver—> kidney
Adults in perirenal fat or in kidney
Cyst communicates with renal pelvis or ureter
Release eggs in urine

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what are some associated lesions with stephanurus dentatus

milk spots/fibrosis on liver

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what is a sequela of stephanurus dentatus

hydronephrosis

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from pig- what likely cause

Stephanurus dentatus

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what is dioctophyma renale known as

giant kidney worm

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Who does dioctophyma renale affect

dog, mink, cat, any fish eating mammals

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During necropsy of dog you find this in renal pelvis what wrong

dioctophyma renale

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what is sequela of dioctophyma renale

adults in kidneys—> hemorrhagic to suppurative pyelitis—> ureteral obstruction—> parenchymal atrophy and hydronephrosis

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what this and where are they found

Pearsonema spp- attach to urinary bladder mucosa> ureter and pelvis

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t or f: no clinical signs of pearsonema spp

true

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what is the most common primary renal tumor of dog, cattle, and horse

renal carcinoma

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From dog what this

renal carcinoma

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which species is metastasis common in for renal carcinomas

dogs, rarely cattle

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what this and who is it common in

renal nephroblastoma
Common in pigs and chickens»> calves and dogs (GSD)

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what does a nephroblastoma arise from

primitive renal tissue- true embryonal tumor

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what is histo appearance of renal nephroblastoma

primitive glomeruli and tubules and primitive mesenchyme

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renal nephroblastoma can produce __ that increases __

erythropoetin, increase RBC

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renal nephroblastoma metastasis common in who and where

dogs- sublumbar LN, liver, lung

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What is the most common renal neoplasm of cats and what is cause

lymphoma
Cause: FeLV

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what is cause of lymphoma in cattle

BLV

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From cat what wrong

Lymphoma

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what is in lower urinary tract

ureter, urinary bladder and urethra

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female or male: shorter tract predisposes to more infections

female

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female or male: longer tract predisposes to more obstructions

male

what wrong and what cause

dilated urinary bladder Cause: obstruction vs neuromuscular disease

what wrong and who is this common in

ruptured urinary bladder Common in male newborn foals

what are causes of ruptured urinary bladder

urethral obstruction, trauma, dystocia

what is sequela to ruptured urinary bladder

uroperitoneum

how do you dx ruptured urinary bladder

see peritoneal effusion take serum ration of potassium, phosphorus and creatinine if it is >2:1 then urinary bladder rupture

where is the most common place of urolithiasis

ureter

what species is urolithiasis most co mon in

cats, sheep/goats, dogs, cattle

what species are matrix plugs commonly found in

male cats

what stones do you get with acidic urine

oxalate

what stones do you get with alkaline urine

struvites: carbonate and phosphate

what type of stone do you get with bacterial infection

struvite

what is common location for urethral stone obstruction in dogs

base of os penis

what is common location for urethral obstruction in cats

entire urethra

what is common location for urethral obstruction in cattle

sigmoid flexure

what is common location for urethral obstruction in sheep/goats

vermiform appendage

what is common location for urethral obstruction in all animals

ischial arch

what is the sequela or urolithiasis if stone in renal pelvis/ureter

hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis +/= rupture ureter—> hydroureter

what is sequela if urolithiasis in urinary bladder

distended urinary bladder with thinned walls, inflamed bladder (cystitis)

what is sequela of urolithiasis in urethra

urethral obstruction—> death from hyperkalemia

what are some clinical signs of urolithiasis

dysuria, stranguria, pollakiuria, Hematuria, post renal azotemia

What stone is this and who is it common in. When is it a problem

silica Ruminants ingesting grasses rich in silica Problem when urine production is low

from dog what type of stone, what is it associated with

struvite Associated with infections, especially canine females with alkaline urine

from cat what kind of stone. What breeds common in and what risk factor

oxalate Breeds: Persians and himalayans Risks: acidic urine

what stone is this. What is risk factor, what breed and what associated diseases

Urate Risk: high protein diet Breed: Dalmatians Dz: liver disease, PSS

cystitis more common in males or females

females

what are some causes of cystitis in all animals, cattle, pigs

all: E.coli Cattle: Cornybacterium renale and T. Pyogenes Pig: actinobaculum suis

what wrong

cystiti

what is most common cause of feline lower urinary tract disease

idiopathic

what are some predisposes factors to cystitis

1. Urine stasis 2. Hooded vulva 3. Urinary incontinence

what wrong

Cystitis, hemorrhagic cystitis

what is polyploid cystitis

chronic cystitis inflammation and hyperplasia

polyploid cystitis is associated with __ or __

persistent UTI or urolithiasis

what Is follicular cystitis

chronic cystitis with lymphoid follicle formation

what is cause of follicular cystitis

chronic urolithiasis

dog bladder what wrong

polyploid cystitis

dog bladder what wrong

Follicular cystitis

what is cause of emphysematous cystitis

gas producing bacteria cause gas expansion of bladder wall

what disease is emphysematous cystitis typically associated with

DM-glucosuria

what wrong

emphysematous cystitis

what does ingestion of bracken fern cause

enzootic Hematuria in cattle

what is pathogenesis of enzootic Hematuria in cattle

1. Ingestion of bracken fern 2. Lesions of inflammation, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia 3. Increased amount of time develop into multiple types of tumors

what tumors are associated with enzootic Hematuria

papillomas, fibromas, hemangioma, carcinoma

cow bladder- what wrong and what cause

hemangioma Cause: enzootic Hematuria from bracken fern

where is the most common site for primary epithelial neoplasia in lower urinary tract

bladder

what this and what causing

TCC—> hydronephrosis

what is sequela to TCC

obstruction—> hydroureter, hydronephrosis, metastasis to sublumbar LN

What wrong

rhabdomyosarcoma causing hypertrophic osteopathy

what is origin of botryoid rhabomyosarcoma

embryonal myoblasts

who gets botytroid rhabdomyosarcoma

young, <2yrs, large breed dogs- Saint Bernards

what is an associated lesion of botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma

hypertrophic osteopathy