Lecture 13: GI V- exocrine pancreas

Question 1

What are some functions of exocrine pancreas

Answer 1

1. Synthesis and secretion of digestive enzymes
2. Release of sodium bicarbonate
3. Production of intrinsic factor to absorb cobalamin
4. Zinc homeostasis and excretion

Question 2

what tissue is this- normal or abnormal and what is circled in yellow and what is left arrow pointing to

Answer 2

normal pancreas
Left arrow: exocrine pancreas with zymogen granules

Yellow circle: islets

Question 3

what are some causes of pancreatic atrophy

Answer 3

1. Prolonged starvation—> loss of zymogen granules
2. Chronic inflammation or obstruction—> tissue loss replaced with fibrosis
3. Juvenile pancreatic atrophy

Question 4

what is the cause of juvenile pancreatic atrophy aka EPI

Answer 4

immune mediated

Question 5

what breed is predisposed to juvenile pancreatic atrophy/EPI

Answer 5

german shepherds

Question 6

what is pathogenesis of juvenile pancreatic atrophy

Answer 6

Maldigestion—> loose/fatty stool—> chronic weight loss but normal to increased appetite

Question 7

EPI predisposes animal to intestinal __

Answer 7

bacterial growth

Question 8

how do you dx EPI

Answer 8

decreased trypsin like immunoreactivity levels in blood

Question 9

what are some causes of pancreatic necrosis

Answer 9

abdominal trauma, high fat diet, obstruction of duct, injury to Acinar cells

Question 10

what animals are predisposed to pancreatic necrosis

Answer 10

overweight animals

Question 11

what 2 things occur in acute pancreatic necrosis

Answer 11

1. Autodigestion- release of enzymes, spongification of fat
2. Activation of clotting cascade- thrombosis, hemorrhage

Question 12

what wrong

Answer 12

acute pancreatic necrosis/ acute pancreatitis, spongification

Question 13

what can cause acute pancreatitis

Answer 13

extension from intestinal infection

Question 14

what is the triaditis in cats include

Answer 14

suppurative pancreatitis, IBD and cholangitis

Question 15

what is the consequence of severe pancreatitis

Answer 15

severe inflammation, release of enzymes—> widespread vascular disease—> shock, DIC—> death

Question 16

What wrong

Answer 16

chronic pancreatitis

Question 17

what are the acute lesions associated with zinc toxicity

Answer 17

degeneration and necrosis of Acinar cells

Question 18

what are the chronic lesions associated with zinc toxicity

Answer 18

Acinar atrophy and fibrosis

Question 19

Why does zinc cause hemolytic anemia

Answer 19

oxidative injury—> damage RBC

Question 20

t or f: exocrine nodular hyperplasia is usually incidental

Answer 20

true

Question 21

what dx

Answer 21

exocrine pancreas carcinoma

Question 22

t or f: exocrine pancreatic carcinoma readily metastasizes

Answer 22

true

Question 23

what paraneoplastic syndrome is seen in cats with exocrine pancreatic carcinoma

Answer 23

symmetric alopecia of ventral trunk and limbs with thin skin