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Pathology II > Lecture 3: Integument Parts II > Flashcards

Lecture 3: Integument Parts II Flashcards

1
Q

On what parts of the body are solar insults most common

A

Poorly haired, lightly pigmented, thin skin

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2
Q

Acute injury from UVB exposure results in

A

Sunburn erythema

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3
Q

Chronic injury from UVB results in

A

Dysplasia progressing to neoplasia

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4
Q

What are common neoplasms associated with UVB injury

A
  1. SCC
  2. Melanoma
  3. Hemagioma/ hemagiosarcoma
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5
Q

What wrong here, and what are you concerned about

A

hemagioma, concern for progressing to hemagiosarcoma

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6
Q

Which is normal vs abnormal. What do black arrows indicate in middle and right photo. What do red circles indicate

A

Left: normal
Middle: hyperplasia and dysplasia- solar dermatosis
Right: black arrow: solar elastosis, red circles: sunburn cells

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7
Q

What is photosensitization

A

A photodynamic agent in circulation reacts to UV light that results in edema/erythema—> vesicles—> necrosis/ sloughing of skin

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8
Q

What is type 1 photosensitization

A

Ingestion of photodynamic substance (plants, drugs)

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9
Q

What is type 2 photosensitization

A

Abnormal porphyrin metabolism. Inherited disease of enzyme deficiency

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10
Q

What is type 3 photosensitization

A

Most common form, occurs in herbivores with liver disease. Chlorophyll in plants converted to phylloerythrin and is unable to be excreted in the bile, ends up in the blood

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11
Q

Where do lesions from photosensitization occur

A

Non-pigmented areas exposed to sun

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12
Q

What wrong here? Also the cow had yellow eyes and MM, what does that indicate

A

photosensitization- specifically type 3- icterus indicates liver pathology

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13
Q

What is the pathogenesis of swelled head or facial eczema in ovine

A
  1. Ingestion of saprophytic fungus, Pithomyces chartarum
  2. Produces sporidesmin mycotoxin
  3. Liver damage/ bile duct injury
  4. Bile obstruction
  5. Type 3 photosensitization
  6. Sheep with heavy fleece have lesions that develop especially on the face
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14
Q

What wrong

A

Swelled head or facial eczema of ovine due to ingestion of pithomyces chartarum that produce sporidesmin mycotoxin causing liver damage—> type 3 photosensitization

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15
Q

What are two fungal causes of dry gangrene

A
  1. Grain contained with fungus produces ergotamine
  2. Tall grass contaminated with fungus that produces ergovaline
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16
Q

What is the pathogenesis of dry gangrene due to fungus alkaloids

A
  1. Ergotamine and ergovaline produced by fungus
  2. Stimulates adrenergic nerves
  3. Ateriolar smooth muscle vasoconstriction
  4. Ischemic necrosis of hindlegs
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17
Q

What wrong and what is potential cause

A

dry gangrene cause by fungus that produced ergotamine and ergovaline toxins causing ischemic necrosis—> dry gangrene

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18
Q

What is acral lick dermatitis

A

Lick granuloma caused by psychogenic dermatitis- repeated chewing and licking induces chronic alopecia and proliferative dermatitis

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19
Q

What is intertrigo

A

Superficial dermatitis on apposed skin surfaces/ folds

Folds susceptible due to retained moisture and frictional trauma—> bacterial infection

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20
Q

What is the sequence of cutaneous lesions in poxviridae viruses

A

Macula—> Papule—> vesicle—> umbilicated pustule—> crust—> scar

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21
Q

What is an important mode of transmission for poxviridae viruses

A

Mechanical vectors- mosquitoes, sucking louse

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22
Q

What is the histo appearance of poxviridae

A

Intracytoplasmic eosinophilia viral inclusion bodies (Bollinger bodies)

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23
Q

What wrong

A

Poxviridae virus- swine pox

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24
Q

Dog presented with vesicles/ crusts all over body and histo showed this? What is likely problem and what does the histo show that indicates that. What is asterisk and arrow indicating

A

Parapoxvirus (poxviridae)
Asterisk: ballooning/ hydropic degeneration
Arrow: bollinger bodies

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25
Papillomaviridae causes benign ___
Benign epithelial proliferation
26
What does papillomaviridae cause
Squamous papilloma, endophytic papilloma, epidermal pigmented plaques, aural plaques, papillomas, sarcoids, SCC
27
What are the 3 results that occur with papillomaviridae enters stratum basale
1. Latent infection without changes in keratinocytes 2. Productive infection with cytopathic changes to keratinocytes (nuclear inclusions) 3. Virus integration into host cell genome—>neoplasia and malignant
28
What wrong, what caused
Sarcoids caused by bovine papillomarvirus
29
What wrong, what caused
Cutaneous papilloma caused by papillomaviridae
30
what is morphological dx
Aural plaques
31
What occurs with a orthoherpesviridae virus
Keratinocyte infection and lysis, vesicles—> ulcers and crusts
32
What is a differential diagnosis for feline facial puritus
Feline herpesvirus 1
33
What wrong and what is a differential diagnosis
Feline herpetic facial dermatitis caused by orthoherpesviridae virus- feline herpesvirus 1
34
What are the portals of entry for bacteria into skin
hematogenous, pores, damaged epidermis
35
what are the targets for bacteria entering the skin
epidermis, dermis, subcutis, vessels, adnexa
36
what are the targets for superficial pyoderma
epidermis and follicular infundibulum
37
T or F: superficial pyoderma heals without scarring and there is no lymph node involvement
true
38
what is the gross appearance of superficial pyoderma
erythema, alopecia, papules, pustules, crust, epidermal collarettes
39
what is the histo appearance for superficial pyoderma
intraepidermal pustules, superficial luminal folliculitis, serocellular cysts
40
what is the etiology/cause of exudative epidermitis (greasy pig disease)
staphylococcus hyicus
41
what lesions are associated with exudative epidermitis (greasy pig disease)
brown greasy exudate with thick epidermis, scaling, loaded with bacteria
42
what is the distribution for exudative epidermitis
periocular, pinnae, snout, chin, medial leg, spreads to ventrum
43
what is the etiology/cause of superficial spreading pyoderma
staphylococcus pseudointermedius
44
Pig presents with brown crusty material all over body. Histo was taken- what is problem
exudative dermatitis/ greasy pig disease
45
what is likely problem
superficial pyoderma
46
what is the target for deep pyoderma
hair follicle, dermis, hypodermis
47
what is the etiology for deep pyoderma
variety of bacteria that access deep tissue via follicles or penetrating wounds Staphylococcus most common
48
what is the gross appearance of deep pyoderma
alopecia, papules, pustules, crusts, epidermal collarettes, hemorrhage, bulla, nodules
49
what is the histo appearance of deep pyoderma
superficial and deep folliculitis that may progress to furunculosis and scarring
50
what are some associated lesions for deep pyoderma
draining tracts, regional lymphadentitis
51
what wrong
deep pyoderma
52
what is granulomatous dermatitis secondary to
traumatic implantation of low virulent saprophytic bacteria causing persistence regional antigenicity
53
what type of hypersensitivity reaction is granulomatous dermatitis
type 4
54
what is the gross appearance of granulomatous dermatitis
nodules that may ulcerate and drain
55
what is the histo appearance of granulomatous dermatitis
macrophages, neutrophils, giant cells, necrosis, fibroblasts
56
what are some etiologies of granulomatous dermatitis
mycobacterium (M. Lepramurium), non-filamentous bacteria, nodules of filamentous bacteria, nodules of fungus
57
cat lesion and histo- what is wrong
granulomatous dermatitis, specifically M. Lepraemurium- feline leprosy
58
what wrong
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathie
59
what lesions are associated with E. Rhusiopathie
raised, red-purple diamond lesions
60
what is pathogenesis of E. Rhusiopathie
dermal embolization—> vasculitis, thrombosis, ischemia
61
what is a common differential for this presentation
salmonellosis
62
what lesions are associated with salmonellosis
cyanosis and necrosis of extremities (ears)
63
what is pathogensis of salmonellosis
endotoxin induced venous thrombosis
64
what is likely cause
E. Coli, shiga-toxin 2e
65
what lesions are associated with E. Coli shiga-toxin 2e
SQ edema
66
what is the pathogenesis of E. Coli shiga-toxin 2e
arteriolar endothelium and tunica media damage (edema dz)
67
what tick borne disease causes this presentation
Rickettsia Ricketssia
68
what lesions are associated with R. Ricketssia
erythema, petechiae, necrosis
69
what is pathogensis of R. Ricketssia
Direct vascular damage, vasculitis
70
what lesions are associated with streptococcus canis
necrotizing fasciitis
71
what is the pathogenesis for streptococcus canis
bacterial toxins—> shock
72
what Is likely cause
bacterial septicemia (staphylococcus or salmonella)
73
SQ fungus require __ to infect
traumatic implantation
74
T or F: SQ fungal infections do not spread to regional LN
false
75
SQ or cutaneous fungal infections: pyogranulomatous and draining tracts
SQ
76
what is the target of cutaneous fungal infections
keratinized tissue with dermal reaction
77
what is dermatophytosis
ringworm
78
T or F: dermatophytosis is zoonotic
true
79
dermatophytosis invade __
cornified tissue (keratinized tissue, hair shaft)
80
what are the gross lesions associated with dermatophytosis
alopecia, crusting, hair breakage, hair loss from folliculitis, papules, pustules
81
what is kerion associated with ringworm
eruptive nodular mass
82
what is pseudomycetoma associated with ringworm
dermal/SQ granulomas
83
what is onychomycosis associated with ringworm
discolored, malformed, broken claws
84
what is histo appearance for dermatophytosis
folliculitis and furunculosis, epidermal hyperplasia, intraocorneal micro abscesses
85
Lesions from cat, what wrong
dermatophytosis (ringworm)
86
horse: what wrong
Phythiosis (swamp cancer)
87
what is causative agent of phythiosis
Pythian insidiosum
88
what is the causative agent of sporotrichosis
sporothrix schenckii
89
what does sporotrichosis cause
dermatitis, lymphangitis—> visceral dissemination
90
based on the cigar shaped organism what is likely cause
Sporothrix schenckii
91
T or F: sporothrix schenckii is zoonotic
true
92
what wrong
pigmented fungal infection
93
what stain is this
Gomori methamine silver (GMS)
94
what does demodex target
hair follicle
95
T or F: sarcoptes scabei is zoonotic
true
96
T or F: notoedres cati is zoonotic
true
97
where does scabies and notoedres cati target on body
ears, head, neck
98
where does otodectic mange target on body
external ear canal
99
where does psoroptic mange target on body
external ear canals, body
100
where does chorioptes Bovis target on body
lower limbs, perineum, udder, tail, scrotum
101
what wrong
scabies- sarcoptes scabiei
102
based on the location, what ectoparasite is involved
chorioptes Bovis
103
pig presented with crusts all over body. This histo was taken what is likely cause and what diagnostic method is most appropriate to obtain a dx
Cause: scabies- sarcoptes scabiei Dx test: superficial skin scrape
104
what wrong, what is seen in lower right picture and what dx method is appropriate to obtain dx
Demodex Lower right picture: demodex outside hair follicle- furunculosis Dx test: deep skin scrape
105
what is pediculosis
infestation of lice
106
what are mallophaga lice
biting/chewing
107
what are anaplora lice
blood-sucking
108
entire life cycle of lice is spent on __
host
109
haemtopinus suis (lice) vectors what diseases
swinepox, African swine fever, mycoplasma suis
110
What is the vector for diplyidium caninum cestode
fleas
111
what is the vector for pox viruses, stephanofilaris, habronema
flies
112
What wrong
mallophaga lice in chicken
113
what wrong
Equine cutaneous habronemiasis
114
what wrong
filiarial dermatitis, specifically stephanofilaria stilesi
115
filarial dermatitis, onchocera targets where on body
head, neck, medial forelimbs, ventral thorax/abdomen
116
what are the intermediate hosts for filarial dermatitis
black flies, biting midges, flies
117
stephanofilaria stilesi has predilection for where on body and causes what
ventral midline- alopecia proliferative, eosinophilic dermatitis

Pathology II (26 decks)

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