lecture 34 Flashcards
what are the gonads?
organs where gametes (sex cells) are produced
What is the other word for testes?
spermatozoa
where’s the spermatozoa produced?
testes
where are the oocytes produced?
ovaries
what is the purpose of coitus?
so that gametes can fuse to form an embryo
what are the bones that make up the pelvis?
hip bones (ilium + ischium)
sacrum
coccyx
what are the differences between female and male pelvis
females are broader and shallower, with a wider sup-pubic angle with a more posterior pointing coccyx
which is bigger, pelvic inlet or outlet?
inlet
what closes the pelvic outlet?
muscles
what are the two pelvic subdivisions?
false/greater pelvis
true/lesser pelvis
what is the true/lesser pelvis?
inferior region between inlet and outlet which contains internal reproductive organs
what is contained in the false/greater pelvis?
GI tract
what is the shape of the female pelvic inlet compared to males?
oval inlet in females compared to a more heart shaped inlets in males
what are the openings in the pelvic floor?
urethra
anal canal
vagina (females)
what are the two muscles of the pelvic floor?
levator ani
coccygeus
where is the male perineum?
region inferior to the pelvic floor and between upper region of the thighs
what is included in the male perineum?
external genitalia and anus
what are the two triangular divisions of the male perineum?
urogenital triangle
anal triangle
functions of the male reproductive system?
produce spermatozoa and transport spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract
what is the male reproductive system made up of?
testes
reproductive tract/duct
accessory structures and glands
the path that sperm travels along is?
testes -> epididymis -> ductus (vas) deferens ->
ejaculatory duct -> urethra
what does the scrotum contain?
two testes
two epididymides
two spermatic cords
what do the testes produce?
sperm
testosterone
inhibin
what is the capsule that surrounds the testes?
tunica albuginea
what is contained in the testes lobules?
seminiferous tubules
the seminiferous tubules join to form?
rete testis
rete testis join to form what?
ductules leading to epididymis
what produces testosterone?
interstitial endocrine (Leydig)
what produces inhibin?
Nurse (sertoli) cells
parts of the epididymis?
head
body
tail
where does sperm enter and exit in the epididymis?
enters via the seminiferous tubules and exit via ductus deferens
where is sperm maturation?
epididymis
where does the epididymis continue on to?
the ductus deferens
where does the ductus deferens start?
spermatic cord
what kind of muscle covers the ductus deferens?
smooth muscle
the ductus deferen runs behind?
urinary bladder
the ductus deferens dilates to form what?
ampulla
what forms the ejaculatory ducts?
the union of the duct from the seminal vesicle and the ampulla
where do the ejaculatory ducts open into?
prostatic urethra
two functions of the urethra?
urination and ejaculation
epithelium in male urethra?
transitional
columnar
epithelium
three regions of the urethra?
prostatic
membranous
penile/spongy
what muscle is the internal urinary sphincter?
detrusor muscle
what is the role of the detrusor muscle during ejaculation?
closes bladder ensuring sperm ejaculated through urethra
what is retrograde ejaculation?
sphincter doesn’t close up and sperm ends up in the bladder
