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HUBS192 > Heart anatomy lecture 4 > Flashcards

Heart anatomy lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What organs make up the cardiovascular system?

A

Heart
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins/Lymphatics

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2
Q

closed continuous supply and drainage system?

A

Blood vascular system

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3
Q

Primary function of the heart?

A

Pump blood around the heart

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4
Q

Veins carry?

A

blood back to the heart

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5
Q

Arteries carry?

A

blood away from the heart

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6
Q

Capillaries are?

A

the site of exchange at the body

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7
Q

Layers of the heart wall?

A

Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium

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8
Q

The pulmonary circuit takes what kind of blood and carries it where?

A

Takes deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to lungs

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9
Q

The systemic circuit?

A

takes oxygenated blood and pumps from left side of heart to everywhere in the body

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10
Q

Where are arteries located?

A

In a position to avoid any damage due to the amount of blood contained

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11
Q

How many arteries will important structures have supplying them?

A

two

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12
Q

Three degrees of permeability of capillaries?

A

Continuous
fenestrated
sinusoidal

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13
Q

3 ways to drain

A

deep veins
superficial veins
lymphatics

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14
Q

Deep sit next to?

A

Supply arterial path and will typically have the same name as the supply artery

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15
Q

Features of superficial veins?

A

Low pressure and low velocity so it is easy for blood to clot and seal itself

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16
Q

How are veins low pressure and low velocity?

A

The CSA is at least twice that of arteries to shift same blood/second

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17
Q

What shape is the heart?

A

blunt, cone shaped organ

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18
Q

what is the pointed end of the heart is called?

A

the apex

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19
Q

The apex is?

A

the pointed cone end, points inferiorly and to the left

20
Q

The apex beat sits?

A

in the mid clavicular line of the 4th/5th intercostal space.

21
Q

What is the size of the heart relative to?

A

size of a closed fist

22
Q

2/3 of the heart lies on what side of the body?

A

Left hand side

23
Q

What do the left and right atria act as?

A

reservoirs for blood

24
Q

What do the left and right ventricles act as?

A

Pumps

25
Q

the 3 venous vessels the right atrium receives blood from?

A

Superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
coronary sinus

26
Q

what separates the right atria and ventricle?

A

Tricuspid valve

27
Q

How does the right ventricle send blood to the pulmonary turn and pulmonary arteries?

A

Pulmonary (semilunar) valve

28
Q

The left side of the heart receives blood from?

A

The lungs and pumps to the body

29
Q

The left atrium receives what kind of blood from where?

A

Oxygenated blood from the four pulmonary veins from the lungs

30
Q

The left atrium and ventricle are separated by?

A

The mitral valve

31
Q

The left ventricle sends blood through?

A

The aortic valve to the aorta then out to the body

32
Q

The right atrium receives?

A

Deoxygenated blood from
Superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
coronary sinus

33
Q

3 layers of the heart wall (innermost to outermost)?

A

Endocardium
myocardium
epicardium

34
Q

The protective bag in which the whole heart resides in

A

pericardium

35
Q

Which ventricle is thicker?

A

Left ventricle, about 3 times thicker

36
Q

Layers of the pericardium?

A

Parietal (outer)

Visceral (inner)

37
Q

Thickest layer of the heart wall?

A

myocardium

38
Q

main function of the myocardium?

A

contraction of the heart

39
Q

Serous membrane secretes?

A

serous fluid to ensure frictionless beating

40
Q

what lines the inside of the fibrous pericardium?

A

visceral layer of the serous pericardium

41
Q

Layers of epicardium?

A

First layer is squamous endothelium and an underlying layer of loose FCT

42
Q

Endocardium contains?

A

Blood vessels, loose FCT, squamous epithelium and purkinje fibres

43
Q

Endocardium lines?

A

the chambers of the heart and covers the heart valves

44
Q

Epicardium consists of what layer of the pericardium?

A

visceral serous pericardium

45
Q

The visceral pericardium loops and forms the parietal layer, what is the space inbetween the two layers?

A

pericardial space

HUBS192 (38 decks)

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