Lecture 3 (Female Reproductive System and the Breast)

Question 1

Germinal Epithelium

Answer 1

THought to be the start of the primordial follices
True source of eggs were in the embryonic yolk sac, Go into the abdomen to form ovary
300,000 eggs from start
Common place for cancer to start

Question 2

Egg Cycle

Answer 2

Primordial follicles -> primary follicles -> secondary follicles -> graafian (mature) follicles -> corpus luteum (yellow body) produces estrogen and progesterone -> corpus albicans (white body) -> Coron radiata the outsid of the egg

Question 3

Corpus Luteum

Answer 3

Produces hromones for placenta and for it to grow in the 1st trimester

Question 4

Ovulation

Answer 4

Eggs are released about mid cycle not always 28 days long

Question 5

Alternating Ovulation

Answer 5

Ovaries are thought to do this, so each ovary ovulates every 70 days

Question 6

Ova’s ovulated

Answer 6

about 400 in a lifetime

Question 7

Atretic follicles

Answer 7

Follicles that begin development but atrophy

Question 8

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Answer 8

Occurs when infection in the skin around the vagina goes through into the abdomen via the fallopian tube

Question 9

Ectopic Pregnancy

Answer 9

Ectopic tubal pregnancy (fallopian tubule)
Abodominal pain, rupture of the tube
Cause massive bleeding and may die

Question 10

Fallopian tube Ligation (tubes tied)

Answer 10

Tubuals are tied off and cut

Doesnt work perfectly, sperm can get pass small holes

Question 11

Infertility in men

Answer 11

enzymes are not good enough or not enough sperm

Question 12

Ovarian Cysts

Answer 12

Very common
Happens you have secondary follicles with fluid in them
Several stages there are fluid filled spaces
Can be large, painful, causes bleeding

Question 13

Ovarian Cancer

Answer 13

Tendency to spread
Throughout the abdomen stomach, color
Tend to be discouraged after metastasis

Question 14

Uterus

Answer 14

Menstral cramps
Smooth muscle of uterus contracts = labor
Cervix becomes dialated and then deliver the baby
Baby will sit on the urinary bladder in the last trimester = peeing all the time

Question 15

Uterian Cancer

Answer 15

Common
Papanicolaou smear of the cervix (PAP)
Takes cells off the cervix

Question 16

PAP Smear

Answer 16

Tests for, HPU, Gonerrhea, Syphillis, cancer, herpes

Question 17

Hysterectomy

Answer 17

Removal of only the uterus

Always keep the ovaries and the vagina

Question 18

HPV

Answer 18

Related to aggressive cervical cancer

Vaccine, may protect against this cancer

Question 19

Fibroids

Answer 19

Tumors in the smooth muscle of the uterus
Begin tumors
May be a reason to have a hystrectomy

Question 20

Menstrual Cramps

Answer 20

Lining of the uterus gets thick and thick has blood vessels
Ready for pregnancy
large number of lymphatic vessels in the lining
Good -> fights infection
Bad -> but may spread cancer

Question 21

Proper Presentation for baby deliver

Answer 21

Head first face down

Not on back not feet first -> breach birth

Question 22

Foreces

Answer 22

Cone heads

Question 23

Ectopic intestinal

Answer 23

Pregnancy in the intestines

Question 24

Ectopic hepatic pregnancy

Answer 24

Liver

Question 25

Miscarriage

Answer 25

Spontaneous loss of child,
No explanation
miscarry without knowing, 20 days in
Drug abuse and alcohol incr risk

Question 26

Vagina

Answer 26

Stratified squamous epithelium
same as skin
Allows the vagina to expand

Question 27

Hymen

Answer 27

Mucous membrane
often absent
has to be gone for first period

Question 28

Lubrication

Answer 28

Comes from the glands in the cervix

pH of vagina is normally acid

Question 29

Yeast infection

Answer 29

Fungal
Very unpleasant, pain, odor
Difficult to treat and clear up

Question 30

Circumise the clitoris

Answer 30

Dangerous = cut = bleed to death or lead to infection

Question 31

Perineum or perineal body

Answer 31

Double membrane covering both sides of the uterus

Pelvic floor and connective tissue

Question 32

Episiotomy

Answer 32

Cut for child birth
Cut of the peronieum
may cause a gap = intestines to drop in pelvis

Question 33

Meopause

Answer 33

Change in hormones in men and women, women stop ovulating

Question 34

Breast

Answer 34

Size and shape of breast is genetically correlated

Question 35

Cooper’s Ligament

Answer 35

Blend with dermis come of like spokes from the areola

Wrinking of skin occurs with some breast tumors

Question 36

Breast Milk

Answer 36

> formula
Contains white blood cells of the mother
Passive Immunity
Incr protein, minerals, viamins, white blood cells

Question 37

Breast Cancer

Answer 37

Lymphatic drain the breast in many directions 
carry cancer to neck, abdomen, armpit
Men have lactiferous ducts 
Potential sites for cancer
1% occur in men, 99% in women 
More men die than women