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Biology 007 > Lecture 19: Anatomy and Physiology I (tissues/organ systems) > Flashcards

Lecture 19: Anatomy and Physiology I (tissues/organ systems) Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

What is anatomy?

A

The study of body structure

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2
Q

What is a cell?

A

The basic unit of a living organism

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3
Q

What is tissue?

A

Integrated group of cells working together

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4
Q

What are 4 main tissue types?

A
  1. Muscle tissue
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Nervous tissue
  4. Epithelial tissue
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5
Q

What is muscle tissue?

A

Tissue used for movement

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6
Q

What is smooth muscle?

A

Muscle that is not striated and is involuntary(internal organs)

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7
Q

What is skeletal muscle?

A

Muscle that is striated and voluntary

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8
Q

What is cardiac muscle?

A

Muscle that is striated and is involuntary

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9
Q

What is connective tissue?

A

Connections where cells are imbedded in extracellular matrix

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10
Q

What are the 6 types of connective tissue?

A
  1. Loose connective
  2. Dense/fibrous
  3. adipose
  4. blood
  5. cartilage
  6. bones
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11
Q

What is loose connective tissue?

A

Where cells and fibers are embedded in semifluid matrix. An example is areolar tissue that is internal cushioning.

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12
Q

What is dense/fibrous connective tissue?

A

Tissue where collagen fibers are arranged in bundles. Some examples are tendons and ligaments

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13
Q

What is adipose?

A

Adipocytes(fat cells) that store tryglicerides

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14
Q

What is blood?

A

Blood cells in a liquid matrix

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15
Q

What is cartilage?

A

Chondrocytes in a collagen matrix

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16
Q

What are bones?

A

Osteocytes(bone cells) that are found in a collagen matrix with calcium added.

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17
Q

What are example of muscle tissue?

A
  1. smooth muscle
  2. skeletal muscle
  3. cardiac muscle
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18
Q

What is nervous tissue?

A

Tissue that relays information through neurons

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19
Q

What is a neuron?

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A

A cell that transmits signals

20
Q

What are glial cells?

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A

Cells that support the neurons

21
Q

What is epithelial tissue?

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A

Tissue that covers surfaces like skin or organs

22
Q

What is the naming of epithelial tissue?

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A

number of layers and shape

23
Q

What does it mean for epithelial tissue to be simple?

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A

It means to have a single layer of cells

24
Q

What does it mean for epithelial tissue to be stratified?

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A

It means to have multiple layers

25
What does it mean for epithelial tissue to be pseudostratified?
To have a single layer of cells but looks like multiple
26
What does it mean for epithelial tissue to be squamous?
It means that it is flat
27
What does it mean for epithelial tissue to be cuboidal?
It means for it to be cubed
28
What does it mean for epithelial tissue to be columnar?
It means for it to be column shaped
29
What is an organ?
A part of the body that performs a specific function
30
What are organ systems?
A set of cooperating organs
31
What are the 14 organ systems?
1. integumentary system 2. muscular system 3. skeletal system 4. cardiovascular system 5. endocrine system 6. nervous system 7. lymphatic system 8. respiratory system 9. digestive system 10. urinary system 11. reproductive system 12. circulatory system 13. excretory system 14. musculoskeletal system
32
What is the integumentary system?
The system of the outer protective layer like the skin
33
What is the muscular system?
The system for movement and muscles
34
What is the skeletal system?
The system for internal structure like bones and cartilage
35
What is the cardiovascular system?
The systems that pumps blood through the body, heart, and blood vessels
36
What is the endocrine system?
The system for hormones and broadcasting signaling
37
What is the nervous system?
The system for point to point signaling in the brain, spine, spinal cord
38
What is the lymphatic system?
The system for lymph, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, and immune system
39
What is the respiratory system?
The system for gas exchange and lungs
40
What is the digestive system?
The system for the breakdown of food and absorb of nutrients
41
What is the urinary system?
The system for fluid balance and waste in the kidneys and bladder
42
What is the reproductive system?
The system for sexual reproduction, uterus, testes, and ovaries
43
What is the circulatory system?
The combination of cardiovascular and lymphatic system
44
What is the excretory system?
The combination of the urinary and digestive system
45
What is the musculoskeletal system?
The combination of the skeletal and muscular systems

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