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Biology 007 > Lecture 13: Invertebrates I > Flashcards

Lecture 13: Invertebrates I Flashcards

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1
Q

What are some body plans?

A

Symmetry, Tissue, Body cavity, type of development, level of organization

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2
Q

What is asymmetry?

A

No organization

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3
Q

What is radial symmetry?

A

Any division through central axis yields mirror images

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4
Q

What is bilateral symmetry?

A

Only one division through middle yields mirror images

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5
Q

What is cephalization?

A

Head sensory organs concentrated at anterior end

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6
Q

What is ectoderm?

A

germ layer covering the surface of the embryo. It gives rise to nervous system, integumentary system.

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7
Q

What is the mesoderm?

A

The germ layer in the middle. It gives rise to muscular and skeletal systems and internal organs

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8
Q

What is endoderm?

A

The inner most germ layer. It gives rise to digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems.

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9
Q

What does it mean to have no tissue?

A

No organization

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10
Q

What does it mean to have diploblastic tissues?

A

2 layers of both ectoderm and endoderm

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11
Q

What does it mean to have triploblastic tissues?

A

3 layers which are ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

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12
Q

What is the coelom?

A

The hollow body cavity

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13
Q

What is coelomate?

A

Animals with a true body cavity. The coelom derived from mesoderm only and it also lines both body wall and digestive tract.

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14
Q

What is pseudocoelomate?

A

It is a false hollow. The coelom is derived from both mesoderm and endoderm. It also lines body wall but not digestive tract.

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15
Q

What is the acoelomate?

A

No body cavity

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16
Q

What is the zygote?

A

The fertilized egg

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17
Q

What is the morula?

A

The ball of cells

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18
Q

What is blastula?

A

The hollow ball of cells

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19
Q

What is the gastrula?

A

Gastrulation and is where the tissue folds inward to form gastrointestinal tract

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20
Q

The protostome a part of the gastrula, what is it?

A

The first opening which is the mouth where it formed first

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21
Q

The deuterostome a part of the gastrula, what is it?

A

The second opening which also is the mouth

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22
Q

What are the five types of level or organization?

A

Cellular, tissue, organ, and organ system

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23
Q

What does the “Kingdom Animalia” mean?

A

Has a soul

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24
Q

What is the common ancestor of animalia?

A

Phylum: choanoflagellata. Some where in colonies

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25
Q

What is metazoans?

A

Multicellular animals.

26
Q

What is the phylum for metazoans?

A

Porifera which are sponges during the Ediacaran period. They formed first.

27
Q

What are eumetazoans?

A

Animals with true tissues

28
Q

What are some features of eumetazoans?

A
  1. Radial symmetry
  2. Bilateral symmetry
29
Q

What are the phylum of eumetazoans that have radial symmetry?

A
  1. Cnidaria
  2. Cnetophora
30
Q

What is the phylum cnidaria?

A

Jellyfish during the ediacaran period

31
Q

What is the phylum cnetophora?

A

Comb jellies during the cambrian period

32
Q

What are the phylum of eumetazoans that have bilateral symmetry and are protosomes?

A
  1. Platyhelminthes
  2. Nematoda
  3. Rotifera
  4. Mollusca
  5. Annelida
  6. Arthropoda
33
Q

What is the phylum platyhelminthes?

A

flatworms

34
Q

What is the phylum nematoda?

A

round worms

35
Q

What is the phylum rotifera?

A

rotifers

36
Q

What is the phylum mollusca

A

mollusks

37
Q

What is the phylum annelida?

A

segmented worms

38
Q

What is the phylum arthropoda?

A

arthropods

39
Q

What are the phylum of eumetazoans that have bilateral symmetry and have deuterostomes?

A
  1. Ectoprocta
  2. Brachiopoda
  3. Echinodermata
  4. Chordata
40
Q

What is the phylum ectoprocta?

A

Bryozoans

41
Q

What is the phylum brachiopoda?

A

brachiopods

42
Q

What is the phylum echinodermata?

A

echinoderms

43
Q

What is the phylum chordata?

A

chordates

44
Q

What is the phylum porifera?

A

sponges

45
Q

What are some features for phylum porifera?

A
  1. no gut
  2. no symmetry
  3. cellular level of organization(no tissue)
  4. have 4 cell types
46
Q

What are the 4 cell types of phylum porifera?

A
  1. Choanocytes
  2. Amoebocyres
  3. Porocytes
  4. Pinacocytes
47
Q

What are choanocytes?

A

collar cells which filter feeding(choanoderm)

48
Q

What are amoebocytes?

A

Cells that digest and transport food

49
Q

What are porocytes?

A

Cells that guard dermal ostia

50
Q

What are pinacocytes?

A

Cells that are sponge epidermis(pinacoderm)

51
Q

What is the mesohyl?

A

The geletinous region between pinacoderm and choanoderms

52
Q

What are the canal systems in Phylum porifera(asconoid type)?

A

Asconoid Type
1. dermal ostia: pores
2. spongocoel: central activity
3. osculum: opening at the top

53
Q

What is the asconoid type?

A

simplest canal

54
Q

What is the syconoid type?

A

The winding type of canal system

55
Q

What are the canal systems in syconoid type?

A
  1. dermal ostia
  2. incurrent canal(outside)
  3. prosopyle(forward hole)
  4. radial canal(water flows)
  5. apopyle(away hole)
  6. spongocoel(middle part)
  7. osculum(opening)
56
Q

What is the leuconoid type?

A

The most complex canal system

57
Q

What are the canal systems in the leuconoid type?

A
  1. dermal ostia
  2. incurrent canal
  3. prosopyle
  4. choanocyte chamber
  5. apopyle
  6. excurrent canal
  7. spongocoel
  8. osculum(s)
58
Q

What are the class for phylums porifera?

A
  1. Class: Calcarea
    2.Class: Hexactinellida
    3.Class: Demospongiae
59
Q

What is class calcarea?

A

Calcareous sponges that have carbonate spicules

60
Q

What is class hexactinellida?

A

Glass sponges that have silica spicules

61
Q

What is class demospongiae?

A

Bath sponges that have spongin protein

Biology 007 (40 decks)

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