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Biology 007 > Lecture 14: Invertibrates I > Flashcards

Lecture 14: Invertibrates I Flashcards

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1
Q

What is phylum cnidaria?

A

jellyfish

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2
Q

What is a two way gut?

A

one opening for food and excretion

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3
Q

What is the gastrovascular cavity(GVC)?

A

Place of digestion ,excretion, respiration, etc.

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4
Q

What is a polyp?

A

sessile, fixed in place

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5
Q

What is a medusa?

A

nekton that moves thru water

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6
Q

What are cnidocytes?

A

Stinging cells that have a nematocyst that have organelles packed with stinging string. Also, cnidocil which is the trigger and operculum which is the cover

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7
Q

What is the nerve net?

A

Where there is no brain and no nervous system

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8
Q

What are the classes in phylum cnidaria?

A
  1. Hydrozoa
  2. anthozoa
  3. cubozoa
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9
Q

What is class hydrozoa in phylum cnidaria?

A

It is a water animal.

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10
Q

What are hydroid jellies?(part of hydrozoa)

A

Where there is both polyp and medusa forms

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11
Q

What is polyp colony? (part of hydrozoa)

A

It is asexual reproduction where the hydranth feeds and gonangium is reproduction.

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12
Q

What is medusa?(part of hydrozoa)

A

It is sexual reproduction. It is dioecious and has craspedote which is a velum. It also has a valum which is the veil membrane and bordering cavity. It also has a manubrium which is the center stalk.

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13
Q

What is the planula(part of hydrozoa)?

A

The ciliated larva and also the zygote and forms to polyp

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14
Q

What is class scyphozoa?

A

true jellies

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15
Q

What is a hydra?(part of hydrozoa)

A

Where there is not a lot of medusas

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16
Q

What is the dominant life stage in scyphozoa?

A

The medusa

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17
Q

What is the medusa form in scyphozoa?

A

It is is dioecious and has a acraspedote of no velum. Also has none or reduced manubrium.

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18
Q

What are the features of a hydrozoa?

A
  1. hydroid jellies
  2. polyp colony
  3. medusa
  4. planula
19
Q

What is a scyphistoma?(scyphozoa part)

A

A polyp form for asexual reproduction

20
Q

What is a strobila (part of scyphozoa)?

A

Where sexual reproduction begins. Also where the ephyra breaks off to young medusa.

21
Q

What are the features of scyphozoa?

A
  1. Medusa is the dominant life stage
  2. medusa form that dioecious
  3. planula
  4. scyphistoma
  5. strobila
22
Q

What is class anthozoa?

A

The flower animal

23
Q

What are features of anthozoa?

A
  1. polyp form only
  2. has many orders
24
Q

What are the orders for class anthozoa?

A
  1. Actiniaria
  2. Scleractinia
  3. Alcyonacea
  4. Pennatulacea
25
Q

What is order actiniaria?

A

sea anemone

26
Q

What is order scleractinia?

A

stony corals or hard corals

27
Q

What is order alcyonacea?

A

gorgonian soft corals and sea fans

28
Q

What is pennatulacea?

A

sea pens and pansies

29
Q

What is class cubozoa?

A

Box jellies

30
Q

What are the features of cubozoa?

A
  1. sting is toxic
  2. have box shaped medusas
  3. have velarium which is a veil like structure
31
Q

What is phylum ctenophora?

A

Comb jellies

32
Q

What are the features of ctenophora?

A
  1. two way gut
    -GVC
  2. Radial symmetry
  3. diploblastic
    -ectoderm
    -endoderm
    • collenchyme: gelatinous layer in between
  4. Colloblast: stinging cells
  5. Nerve net
  6. Eight comb rows(ctenes=combs and swimming plate)
  7. 2 long tentacles
33
Q

What are the classes for ctenophora?

A
  1. Tentaculata
34
Q

What are the orders for ctenophora?

A
  1. Cydippida
    2.Lobata
  2. Cestida
35
Q

What is order cydippida?

A

Egg shaped and spherical comb jellies

36
Q

What is order lobata?

A

They are flattened lobes extending from body

37
Q

What is order cestida?

A

A long ribbon shaped comb jellies

38
Q

What are the features of phylum platyhelminthes?

A
  1. two way gut or no gut
  2. bilateral symmetry of
    cephalization
  3. triploblastic of ectoderm(epidermis), endoderm(gastrodermis), mesoderm(mesenchyme)
  4. acoelomate
  5. cerebral ganglia-concentration of nerve fibers in head
  6. ladder- nervous system like with more nerve net structure
  7. gas exchange and excretion occurs through epidermis
  8. can be hermaphroditic (both male and female organs)
39
Q

What is phylum platyhelminthes?

A

flat worms

40
Q

What are the classes of platyhelminthes?

A
  1. turbellaria(free living flatworms)
  2. trematoda(parasitic flukes)
  3. cestoda(parasitic tapeworms)
41
Q

What are the features of class turbellaria?

A
  1. are planarians(genus: planaria, dugesia)
  2. have ocelli or eyespots/pigmented pit for sensing light
  3. Do asexual reproduction through fracturing and can regenerate through missing pieces
  4. sexual reproduction is either cooperative where both cross fertilize and inseminate(pair up) OR it is competitive where they fight to see who gets inseminated
42
Q

What are the features of class trematoda?

A
  1. an example is clonorchis which is the human liver fluke
  2. In a human host it lives in bile duct and eggs are expelled through feces. Contaminates water then affects snail.
  3. In the snail host, they eat the eggs or are infected by miracidia.
    -Eggs hatch into miracidia
    -Miracidia have cilia for swimming
    -miracidia develop into sporocyst
    -sporocyst produces a lot of redia
    -redia reproduce asexually into cercaria
    -cercaria swim away
    -exponential multiplication
  4. in a fish host the cercaria encyst in flesh
  5. in human host, the human eats the contaminated fish
  6. Another example is schistosoma which is human blood fluke where cercaria can penetrate human skin. Can attach in water.
43
Q

What are the features of cestoda?

A
  1. have scolex which is the suckers and hooks to attach to intestinal lining
  2. have proglottids which are segments for reproduction
    -Immature proglottids
    -mature proglottids which are mature sex organs
    -gravid proglottids which are filled with fertilized eggs. They also break off and are released with feces
  3. have no mouth or GVC and just absorb nutrients from intestine
  4. can infect intermediate hosts pig and cattle
44
Q

What are features for phylum cnidaria?

A
  1. two way gut
  2. radial symmtry
  3. diploblasctic(ectoderm, endoderm, mesoglea)
  4. polyp(stuck to floor)

5.medusa

Biology 007 (40 decks)

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