Lecture 15: Invertebrates II Flashcards
What is phylum nematoda?
round worms
What are the features of phylum nematoda?
- triploblastic
- one way gut from mouth to anus. This means it is a alimentary canal of digestive tract.
- Protostome which means mouth formed first and then the anus
- Pseudocoelomate(false hollow). Also, lacks circulatory system. Also nutrients are transported through body fluid in pseudocoel. Also have hydrostatic skeleton where the worm moves through water pressure
- Have a cuticle which is a touch external coat
- can be free living and parasitic species
What is a type of parasitic nematoda?
Trichinella spirallis which can form cysts in pork meat and cause trichinosis. Also ascaris which is a intestinal round worm
What is a type of free living nematoda?
ceanohabditis elgans which lives in soil and is used for developmental biology research. Also it is transparent which helps research
What is phylum nematomorpha?
Horse hairs
What are features of phylum nematomorpha?
- In adult stage they are free living. However, their larvae are parasitic arthropods
What is phylum rotifera?
rotifers and mean wheel bearer
What are features of phylum rotifera?
- triploblastic
- one way gut
- protostome
- bilateral symmetry
- pseudocoelomate
- have “corona” which is a crown of cilia to create vortex to draw food
- have mastax which is a pharynx to grind good
- some species have asexual reproduction(parthogenesis)
What is parthogenesis?
Happens in rotifers and is a form of asexual reproduction and is when the female population does not need males or sperm to give birth
What is phylum mollusca?
soft mollusks
What are some of the features of phylum mollusca?
- triploblastic
- one way gut(alimentary canal)
- protostomes
- bilateral symmetry
- coelomates(true coelom)
- not segmented
- have mantle which is the tissue that secretes the shell
- have radula which is the rasping tongue
- have ventral foot which is the muscle used for movement
What are the classes for phylum mollusca?
- gastropoda
- polyplacophora
- bivalvia
- cephalopoda
What is class gastropoda?
They mean stomach foot and it is the snails and slugs. They also have a subclass opisthobranchia, prosobranchia, and pulmonata.
What is the subclass opisthobranchia?
They mean the gills behind the heart. They are the sea slugs and nudibranchs
What is subclass prosobranchia?
It means gills in front of the heart and they are the aquatic snails.
What is subclass pulmonata?
It means they have lungs and are the land snails and slugs
What is the class polyplacophora?
It means many plate bearer and they are the chitons
What is class bilvavia?
It means two doors and they are the oysters, clams, scallops, and mussels. In addition, they are also filter feeders
What is class cephalopoda?
It means head foot and they are the octopus, squid, and nautilus. Also, they are all predators
What is phylum annelida?
segmented worms
What are some features of phylum annelida?
- triploblastic
- one way gut (alimentary canal)
- protostome
- bilateral symmetry
- coelomates
- segmented
- have serial homology which means they have repeated segments
- have closed circulatory system whch means blood is confined in blood vessels
What are classes of phylum annelida?
- polychaeta
- oligocheata
- hirudinea
What is class polychaeta?
It means many hairs and they are marine worms. They also have setae which are bristles. They have no clitellum. In addition, they also have families
What is family amphinomidae?(part of polychaeta)
They are bristle worms
What is family nereididae(part of polychaeta)?
ragworm
What is family serpulidae?(part of polychaeta)?
Christmas tree worm
What is family aphroditidae?
sea mouse
What is family siboglinidae?
tube worm
What are the families in class polychaeta?
- amphinomidae
- nereididae
- serpulidae
- aphroditidae
- siboglinidae
What is class oligochaeta?
It means few hairs and they are earthworms. They have less setae. Also have clitellum which is the collar that forms reproductive cocoon. They also are hermaphrodites.
What are the families of class oligochaeta?
- lumbricidae
What is family lumbricidae?
The common european earthworm that is now found everywhere
What is class hirudinea?
Leaches. They have no setae. They have clitellum and are hermaphroditic.
They are blood sucking ectoparasite where they secrete anesthetic(don’t feel wound) and have hirudin which is an anti coagulant where the blood keeps flowing
What is phylum nemertea?
Ribbon worms
What is phylum tardigrada?
water bears and are very resistant
What is phylum onycophora?
velvet worms. They shoot out slime to capture prey.
What is phylum acanthocephala?
Spiny headed worm and infect hosts through spines
