Law Flashcards
A system based on written codes approved by legislative bodies.
civil law
Based on legal precedent: Each case is considered in terms of how it relates to judicial decisions that have already been made. It evolves through judicial decisions over time.
common law
Based on religious beliefs and conventions: a mixture of written codes and interpretations by religious scholars.
Religious law
No individual is beyond the reach of the law: authority is exercised in accordance with written and publicly disclosed laws.
Rule of law
Laws are enforced only through accepted, codified procedures, thus avoiding arbitrary treatment and abuse of power.
due process
The right of a legal body to exert judicial authority over a region, subject matter, or individual
jurisdiction
A situation in which the laws of two or more jurisdictions differ and may exert a different result on a legal case depending on which system is deemed to have jurisdiction.
conflict of laws
The practice of taking complaints to jurisdictions sympathetic to the complainants’ case.
forum or jurisdiction shopping
Analyzing laws by their areas of control: national, subnational, supranational, international
levels of law
Laws enacted by the highest or federal legislative bodies of a country, intended to apply across the entire nation.
National
For example, municipalities, states, provinces, or regions within a nation.
subnational
Laws that extend the power of a country’s laws over its citizens outside the country’s sovereign national boundaries.
Extraterritorial
These are binding agreements among nations of a region.
Regional/supranational
Involves both the relationships between nations and the treatment of individuals within national boundaries.
International
