L40. Endocrine 2 Flashcards
Name the following in moles : 1x10-3 1x10-6 1x10-9 1x10-12 1x10-15 1x10-18
millimole micromole nanomole picomole femtomole attomole
Do we want to store large volumes of active hormone in the body?
No in case they are released in a trauma accident
Name a vasoconstrictor
Adrenaline
What kind of condition means adrenaline wouldn’t be removed from the blood quickly?
kidney condition
What does circadian refer to?
Daily rhythm
Name two roles of the hypothalamus
thermoregulation
circadian rhythm
what kind of feedback is used in thermoregulation?
Negative feedback
- Describe how hormones reach the anterior pituitary from the hypothalamus.
The hypothalamus releases hormones which pass to the anterior pituitary via blood vessels (portal vessels)
- how do hormones reach the posterior pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus-produced hormones pass to the posterior pituitary along nerve axons where they are released into circulation.
Name a hypothalamic hormone.
growth hormone-releasing hormone
Name an anterior pituitary hormone.
Growth hormone
Give an example of a posterior pituitary hormone
ADH
Give 2 examples of pathways from stimulus to target organ involving the hypothalamus.
Stimulus > hypothalamus > anterior pituitary > target organ
Stimulus > hypothalamus > posterior pituitary > target organ
What kind of cells create calcitonin?
Para-follicular “c-cells”
What are the names of the following?
T3
T4
Tri-iodo-thyronine
Tetra-iodo-thyronine
Which is more potent? T3 or T4?
T4 is a more potent precursor of T3
What do T3 and T4 do?
Increase cell metabolic rate and determine basal metabolic rate
Name 2 thyroid disorders
hypothyroidism
hyperthyroidism
Which of the following can be treated? Congenital or adult hypothyroidism?
Adult can be treated
Discuss the causes of a goitre
Thyroid swelling associated with an iodine deficiency (found in salt). Low thyroxine levels cause excess TSH secretion.
