Infectious Disease - Lecture 26 Flashcards
What does SARS stand for?
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
What is SARS?
It’s a type of coronavirus
Why were the phases of the Toronto SARS Outbreak fluctuating?
Waves of infection were caused by weather and variants of mutation
How is Influenza Virus named?
With an H and N (molecules on the virus)
What did Influenza virus help us realize?
Infectious disease can arise from other things like animals and spread to humans.
What caused infectious disease mortality risk to drop?
Vaccines that helped slow viruses down but not bacteria
Sanitation improvement
Fought against bacteria and lowered mortality risk
Because of movement in WW1 sanitation was terrible, causing Spanish Flu. What did this lead to?
Spike in mortality risk
By how much per 100,000 cases did people die of infectious disease?
50 to 339 from 2019 to 2020 respectively
What is a Rnot
How many people an infected person can spread a infectious pathogen to
Rnaught of 1?
One infected person infects one person
Exponential growth
Rnaught has an exponential growth so the bigger rnaught is the more people get infected
Close contact with livestock
Livestock may have disease and can spread it to you
If you already have a disease and then get infected with a virus?
Increases your risk for mortality even more.
Symptoms of respiratory virus
Fever, Dry Cough, Fatigue, Shortness of breath
Why is fever a good thing?
Fever is showing that your body is fighting; it’s having an inflammatory response to fight it off.
Why is Covid-19 in water droplets good?
Because limitation of spread is limited to 6-8 feet. If airborne where virus can survive in air, it would be bad.
How did we act to fight off virus
Quarantine and isolate at home
What is isolation?
Separates sicks with contagious disease from those not sick.
What was unique about the Black Death
It was a bacteria infection; sanitation was poor which allowed it to kill
What is Covid’s global death marker
7th
Who was most affected by smallpox
Kids in the fall and winter; it was seasonal.
Variola Virus
Small pox virus which would affect skin and respiratory system
MMR Vaccine
Dropped measles cases
Understanding balance of risk with benefit
Taking vaccine or not
Anti-vax protest getting more momentum
Measles cases are increasing because of this recently
How does a vaccine work?
Primes your immune system to fight off the infection the next time it comes around.
How do Immune cells prepare to fight
Take the mRNA into cell and creates a spike protein which tells them where to find the virus and kill.
Disease or Syndrome
Pathological condition of the body; named based on symptoms
Infectious disease
Disease caused by an infectious agent (Know what caused the symptoms)
Can you take a vaccine for a bacterial infection?
No
Antibiotics for Viral Infection
No
When an infectious agent enters the body and reproduces; can lead to disease
Infection
Protozoa
Organism in food
Pathogen
Infectious agent
What’s carrying the pathogen
Host