Bone Health II + RED-S - Lecture 36

Question 1

How to Prevent and Treat Bone Health

Answer 1

Diet, Exercise and Medication

Question 2

What is essential for Bone Health & strengthen bone

Answer 2

Calcium (adequate amounts)

Question 3

Why is calcium important?

Answer 3

Bones are made of calcium and they uptake the strength and health of the bones.

Question 4

Trend for Recommended Dietary Allowances for calcium?

Answer 4

Youth and Older Adults need more

Question 5

Why is RDA high for Youth and Older Adults

Answer 5

Need to strengthen at youth and minimize loss as older adults.

Question 6

Why is vitamin D essential in one’s diet?

Answer 6

Promotes the absorption of Calcium

Question 7

Why does RDA for Vit. D increase after 70 yrs of age

Answer 7

To keep old bones from becoming easily fractured and absorb calcium

Question 8

Why should protein be in the diet?

Answer 8

Improves bone mass & density

Question 9

Why would improving bone mass and density be decreasing risk for fracture?

Answer 9

If osteoporotic, fracture is likely, but protein intake increases bone mass and density to reduce the likeliness of developing osteoporosis and therefore decrease fracture risk.

Question 10

Why should you combine calcium with protein?

Answer 10

Calcium must be present in adequate amounts to take advantage of the benefits from protein intake.

Question 11

How is exercise related to bone health?

Answer 11

Exercise used as prevention and treatment for bone health

Question 12

How does prevention of bone tissue work with exercise?

Answer 12

Bone tissue can be remodelled with responses to ground reactions and muscle contraction

Question 13

What are types of exercises to bring tension upon skeletal muscle to maximize bone health?

Answer 13

Resistance exercise, weight barring exercise.

Question 14

Trends in Intensity for impact on bone loading from Youth to Osteoporosis

Answer 14

Start at high intensity and lower as you age and start to possibly develop osteoporosis.

Question 15

Trends in Duration and Frequency going from Youth to Osteoporotic.

Answer 15

Increase duration and frequency of exercise as you go to adulthood.

Question 16

Main type of exercise for bone health in adults?

Answer 16

Weight Barring Exercise.

Question 17

How would Medications promote bone health?

Answer 17

Medication that would inhibit osteoclasts and strengthen osteoblasts

Question 18

Hormone Replacement Therapy

Answer 18

Increase in Estrogen and Progestin normalizes bone turnover

Question 19

Bisphosphonates

Answer 19

Inhibits osteoclasts; reduce fracture risk by 50%

Question 20

Teriparatide

Answer 20

Promote Osteoblasts

Question 21

Purpose of the drugs

Answer 21

To alter the bone mass and the ratio of bone absorption and bone remodelling.

Question 22

What is Female Athlete Triad

Answer 22

Combination of Osteoporosis, Amenorrhea and Disordered Eating amongst female athletes

Question 23

RED-S

Answer 23

Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport

Question 24

What is RED-S

Answer 24

Like the triad but much more deeper physiological and psychological impacts; plus impacts on health and performance of athletes

Question 25

Low Energy Availability is

Answer 25

Inadequate energy intake relative to exercise energy expenditure

Question 26

True Definition of RED-S

Answer 26

Syndrome referring to impaired physiological+psychological functions associated with low energy availability

Question 27

What are the reasons for health consequences associated with RED-S

Answer 27

Not consuming enough calories relative to energy expenditure

Question 28

How is performance a consequence of RED-S

Answer 28

Psychological and congnitive factors as well as strength fluctuating

Question 29

What are some sports that are at high risk for performance depletion due to RED-S

Answer 29

Gymnastics, Figure Skating (Sports that involve aesthetics and subjective assessments)

Question 30

How can we prevent RED-S

Answer 30

• Be aware of RED-S
• Educate athletes, coaches, parents, everyone.

Question 31

Treating RED-S

Answer 31

• Increase caloric intake
• Decrease exercise
• Psychological Therapy