Bioenergetics - Lecture 29

Question 1

Define Bioenergetics

Answer 1

Flow of energy in a biological system

Question 2

How is bioenergetics linked to bonds?

Answer 2

Linked to energy involved in making and breaking chemical bonds in organism

Question 3

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred.

Answer 3

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 4

Where do we get our fuel from?

Answer 4

Main macronutrients aka “substrates”

Question 5

What is the process of breaking the substrates down?

Answer 5

Metabolism

Question 6

What is Exergonic?

Answer 6

Reaction that releases energy (-G)

Question 7

What is Energonic?

Answer 7

Energy consuming (+G)

Question 8

Catabolism

Answer 8

Breaking large molecules to smaller molecules (Exergonic Reaction)

Question 9

Synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules

Answer 9

Anabolic

Question 10

Where does ATP come from?

Answer 10

Substrate metabolism (breaking food down)

Question 11

What other things is ATP involved in other than muscle contraction?

Answer 11

Active transport, Protein synthesis, Digestion, Nerve Tranmission, etc.

Question 12

What does having a greater amount of ATP mean?

Answer 12

More capacity to move

Question 13

How many energy systems does our body have to generate ATP?

Answer 13

3 energy systems

Question 14

How do the three systems differ?

Answer 14

Rate at which they produce ATP and capacity of ATP they can produce

Question 15

How does the fuel (substrate) become usable when it has bonds

Answer 15

Enzymes break the substrate to be fuel

Question 16

What are enzymes?

Answer 16

Required for breakdown of molecules in the body

Question 17

Why are enzymes and substrates called Lock and Key?

Answer 17

For every substrate (lock) only a specific enzyme (key) can break the bond

Question 18

Process of enzyme substrate

Answer 18

Bonded substrate binds to enzyme, and the stress on the bond along with water causes it to break and release the two individual substrates to be used as fuel

Question 19

What are the 3 main energy systems?

Answer 19

ATP-CP, Glycolysis, Oxidative

Question 20

Which system has the highest rate of production of ATP

Answer 20

ATP-CP as it creates the most ATP for a short period

Question 21

Which system has the highest capacity to produce ATP?

Answer 21

Oxidative system

Question 22

What fibre type involves the ATP-CP System?

Answer 22

Type IIb

Question 23

What’s the rate and capacity of ATP-CP

Answer 23

High rate of production but low capacity of ATP

Question 24

How is creatine phosphate actually aiding ATP

Answer 24

When phosphocreatine is catabolized, it releases an inorganic phosphate which ADP can use to create ATP.

Question 25

How long does the fuel last for maximal exercise of ATP-CP system?

Answer 25

10-15 seconds.