Bioenergetics - Lecture 29 Flashcards
Define Bioenergetics
Flow of energy in a biological system
How is bioenergetics linked to bonds?
Linked to energy involved in making and breaking chemical bonds in organism
Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Where do we get our fuel from?
Main macronutrients aka “substrates”
What is the process of breaking the substrates down?
Metabolism
What is Exergonic?
Reaction that releases energy (-G)
What is Energonic?
Energy consuming (+G)
Catabolism
Breaking large molecules to smaller molecules (Exergonic Reaction)
Synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules
Anabolic
Where does ATP come from?
Substrate metabolism (breaking food down)
What other things is ATP involved in other than muscle contraction?
Active transport, Protein synthesis, Digestion, Nerve Tranmission, etc.
What does having a greater amount of ATP mean?
More capacity to move
How many energy systems does our body have to generate ATP?
3 energy systems
How do the three systems differ?
Rate at which they produce ATP and capacity of ATP they can produce
How does the fuel (substrate) become usable when it has bonds
Enzymes break the substrate to be fuel
What are enzymes?
Required for breakdown of molecules in the body
Why are enzymes and substrates called Lock and Key?
For every substrate (lock) only a specific enzyme (key) can break the bond
Process of enzyme substrate
Bonded substrate binds to enzyme, and the stress on the bond along with water causes it to break and release the two individual substrates to be used as fuel
What are the 3 main energy systems?
ATP-CP, Glycolysis, Oxidative
Which system has the highest rate of production of ATP
ATP-CP as it creates the most ATP for a short period
Which system has the highest capacity to produce ATP?
Oxidative system
What fibre type involves the ATP-CP System?
Type IIb
What’s the rate and capacity of ATP-CP
High rate of production but low capacity of ATP
How is creatine phosphate actually aiding ATP
When phosphocreatine is catabolized, it releases an inorganic phosphate which ADP can use to create ATP.
How long does the fuel last for maximal exercise of ATP-CP system?
10-15 seconds.
