HOSPITAL ACQUIRED INFECTION Flashcards
what is a hospital acquired infection?
nosocomial
An infection caught while hospitalised
what are HAI caused by?
due to bacteria
what are the risk factors for nosocomial infection?
Duration of hospital stay Antibiotic usage Age Immune deficiency Indwelling catheters Mechanical ventilation
what is Hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP)?
anypneumoniacontracted by a patient in ahospitalat least 48–72 hours after being admitted
what is a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
an infection involving any part of the urinary system, including urethra, bladder, ureters, and kidney.
what is the most important risk factor for developing a catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI)?
prolonged use of the urinary catheter
what is the UTI bacteria?
Enteric pathogens (eg,Escherichia coli) are most commonly responsible
what is E.coli?
Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped, commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms
what is sepsis?
a life-threatening condition that arises when the body’s response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs
what are common signs and symptoms of sepsis?
fever, increased heart rate, increased breathing rate, and confusion
when are you more likely to develop sepsis?
recently had surgery
aurinary catheterfitted
in hospital for a long time
what is MRSA?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a gram-positive bacterium
MRSA is responsible for several difficult-to-treat infections in humans
where can MRSA be transmitted?
in hospital
what does MRSA usually cause?
Wound infections after surgery
Pneumonia (lung infection)
what is Clostridium difficile (C.Diff)?
Spore-forming anaerobic Gram positive bacillus bacterium
