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tsomkapQ > GI Pharmacology > Flashcards

GI Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the MOA of H2 blockers?

A

Reversible block of histamine H2 receptors to decrease H+ secretion by parietal cells

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2
Q

What are the indications for H2 blockers?

A

Peptic ulcer, gastritis and esophageal reflux

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3
Q

What are the adverse effects of H2 blockers?

A

Prolactin release: Gynecomastia, decreased libido, impotence in males
Cimetidine inhibits P450

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4
Q

What are the H2 blockers?

A

Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, and Nizatidine

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5
Q

What is the MOA of PPIs?

A

Irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in stomach parietal cells

Decreases proton secretion by parietal cells

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6
Q

What are the inidications for PPIs?

A

Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mid-esophageal Reflux and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

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7
Q

What are some PPIs?

A

Omeprazole, Lansoprazole

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8
Q

What is the MOA of Misoprostol?

A

PGE1 analog, increase production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier, decreased acid production

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9
Q

What are the indications for Misoprostol?

A

Prevents NSAID-induced peptic ulcers, maintenance of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Induce labor

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10
Q

What are the Adverse Effects of Misoprostol?

A

Diarrhea; Contraindicated in women of childbearing potential abortion inducing drug

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11
Q

What is the MOA of Octreotide?

A

Long-acting somatostatin analog

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12
Q

What are the indications for Octreotide?

A

Acute variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, carcinoid tumors

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13
Q

What are the Adverse Effects of Octreotide?

A

Nausea, cramps, steatorrhea

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14
Q

What is the MOA of Bismuth and Sucralfate?

A

Bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection allows bicarbonate ion secretion to reestablish pH gradient in the mucous layer

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15
Q

What is Bismuth and Sucralfate used for?

A

Increase ulcer healing, traveler’s diarrhea

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16
Q

What is the MOA of Infliximab?

A

Monoclonal antibody to TNF-alpha

17
Q

What are the Indications for Infliximab?

A

Crohn’s Disease, Rheumatoid arthritis

18
Q

What are the Adverse Effects of Infliximab?

A

Respiratory infection (including reactivation of latent TB) fever, hypotension

19
Q

What is the MOA of Sulfasalazine?

A

A combination of sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5-aminosalicylic acid (anti-inflammtory) activated by colonig bacteria

20
Q

What are the indications for Sulfalazine?

A

UC, Crohn’s disease

21
Q

What are the Adverse Effects of Sulfasalazine?

A

Malaise, nausea, Sulfonamide toxicity, reversible Oligospermia

22
Q

What is the MOA of Odansetron?

A

5-HT3 antagonist, powerful central acting antiemetic

23
Q

What are the indications for Odansetron?

A

Control vomiting in patients undergoing chemo therapy and postoperatively

24
Q

What are the Adverse Effects of Odansetron?

A

Headache, constipation, dizziness

25
Q

What is the MOA osmotic Laxatives?

A

Provide osmotic load to draw water out
Lactulose treats Hepatic encephalopathy: gut flora degrades it into metabolites (lactic acid and acetic acid) that promote Nitrogen excretion as NH4+

26
Q

What is the indication for Osmotic Laxatives?

A

Constipation

27
Q

What are the Adverse Effects of Osmotic Laxatives?

A

Diarrhea, dehydration, may be abused by bulimics

28
Q

What are the Osmotic Laxatives?

A

Magnesium hydroxide, mag citrate, polyethylene glycol, Lactulose

29
Q

What is the MOA of Metoclopramide?

A

D2 receptor antagonist; increase resting tone, contractility LES tone, motility

30
Q

What are the indications for Metoclopramide?

A

Diabetic and post-surgery gastroparesis

31
Q

What are the Adverse Effects of Metoclopramide?

A

Increased Parkinsonian effects, restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea, diarrhea
Drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents
contraindicated in small bowel obstruction

tsomkapQ (117 decks)

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