Classic Treatments Flashcards
Absence seizures
Ethosuximide
Acute gout attack
NSAIDs, colchicine
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
All-trans retinoic acid
ADHD
Methylphenidate, amphetamines
Alcohol abuse
AA + disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family
Alcohol withdrawal
Benzodiazepines
Anorexia
SSRIs
Anticoagulation during pregnancy
Heparin
Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue
Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)
B12, deficiency
Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Tamsulosin, finasteride
Bipolar disorder
Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine (mood stabilizers)
Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman
Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)
Buerger’s disease
Smoking cessation
Bulimia
SSRIs
Candida albicans
Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitis)
Carcinoid syndrome
Octreotide
Chlamydia trachomatis
Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)
Chronic gout
Probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer)
Chronic hepatitis
IFN-α
Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Imatinib
Clostridium botulinum
Antitoxin
Clostridium difficile
Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin
Clostridium tetani
Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam
Crohn’s disease
Corticosteroids, infliximab
Cryptococcus neoformans
Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
Cystic fibrosis
N-acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/ azithromycin)
Cytomegalovirus
Ganciclovir
Depression
SSRIs (first-line)
Diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
Diabetes mellitus type 1
Dietary intervention (low-sugar) + insulin replacement
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (possible)
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Fluids, insulin, K+
Enterococci
Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, vardenafil
ER-positive breast cancer
Tamoxifen
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
Haemophilus influenzae (B)
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
Generalized anxiety disorder
Buspirone
Heparin toxicity (acute)
Protamine sulfate
HER2/neu-positive breast cancer
Trastuzumab
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
Hypercholesterolemia
Statin (first-line)
Hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrate
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
Infertility
Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile)
Influenza
Rimantadine, oseltamivir
Legionella pneumophila
Erythromycin
Long-term anticoagulation
Warfarin
Malaria
Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
Medical abortion
Mifepristone
Migraine
Sumatriptan
MRSA
Vancomycin
Multiple sclerosis
β-interferon, immunosuppression, natalizumab
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
RIPE (rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)
Neisseria meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)
Neural tube defect prevention
Prenatal folic acid
Osteomalacia/rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
Osteoporosis
Bisphosphonates; calcium and vitamin D supplementation
Patent ductus arteriosus
Indomethacin
Pheochromocytoma
α-antagonists (e.g., phenoxybenzamine)
Pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
Prolactinoma
Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids
Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
Prostate carcinoma
Flutamide
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)
Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol
Rickettsia rickettsii
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)
Ringworm infections
Terbinafme, griseofulvin, imidazole
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
5-HT2A antagonists (e.g., second-generation antipsychotics)
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
D2 receptor antagonists (e.g., first- and second-generation antipsychotics) (cypropheptadine)
SIADH
Demeclocycline, lithium, vasopressin receptor antagonists
Sickle cell anemia
Hydroxyurea (↑ fetal hemoglobin)
Sporothrix schenckii
Oral potassium chloride
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
Staphylococcus aureus
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin
Streptococcus bovis
Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)
Streptococcus pyogenes
Penicillin prophylaxis
Temporal arteritis
High-dose steroids
Tonic-clonic seizures
Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Treponema pallidum
Penicillin
Trichomonas vaginalis
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA, infliximab
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
Warfarin toxicity
Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)
Wegener’s granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids