Exam 5 Flashcards
Bovine keratoconjuctivits
Morexella bovison ocular membranes of cattle, infects conjunctiva and extends to cornea and possible ulceration. May result in permanent blindness
Morexella General features
Gram negative
Strict aerobe
Narrow zone of complete hemolysis
Morexella bovis virulence factors
Hemolysin, endotoxin, pili, iron regulated proteins
Atrophic rhinitis
Bordetella bronchiseptica. Direct contact in swine leads to infection and can have secondary invasion by P. multicoda. Can be pneumonia in young pigs
Kennel cough and pneumonitis
Bordetella bronchiseptica. Can be transmitted in aerosol droplets and can be the primary agent of pneumonitis can be associated with Infections Canine Distemper
Bordetella bronchiseptica general features
Gram negative
Strict aerobe
Cocco-bacilli or pleomorphic
Dull colonies
B. bronchiseptica virulence
Endotoxin
Exotoxin
Tracheal cytotoxin
Pili
Tracheal colonization factor
Bordetella avium
Smooth and moist
Gram negative
Rods to cocco-bacilli
Strict aerobe
B. avium virulence factor
Dermonecrotic toxin
Tracheal cytotoxin
Pili
Rhinotracheitis
In turkeys B. avium. Highly contagious and stress predisposed
Causes oculonasal discharge, sneezing, dyspnea, tracheal ring collapse
Corynebacterium general features
Gram positive
Club shaped
Caseous lymphadenitis
External form of Corynebacterium pseudotuberulosis
Infects the skin and SQ tissue in sheep and goats. Enter through breaks in skin, ingestion or inhalation and form micro abscesses at site of entry and spread by phagocytic cells into blood and lymph
Internal organ abscesses
Internal form of C. pseudotuberculosis in sheep, goats, and horses. Enter through breaks in skin, ingestion or inhalation and form micro abscesses at site of entry and spread by phagocytic cells into blood and lymph
Ulcerative lymphadenitis
External form of C. pseudotuberculosis. See inflammation of lymphatic vessels. See abscess on legs and thick greenish pus. Enter through breaks in skin, ingestion or inhalation and form micro abscesses at site of entry and spread by phagocytic cells into blood and lymph
Pigeon fever
External form of C. pseudotuberculosis. Single large abscess usually in the pectoral region. Thick capsule and tannish yellow pus. Enter through breaks in skin, ingestion or inhalation and form micro abscesses at site of entry and spread by phagocytic cells into blood and lymph
Virulence factors of C. pseudotuberculosis
Surface lipid coat
Phospholipase D
Mycolic acid
UTI
Corynebacterium renali in cows infects ureters, kidneys, bladder and pelvis. Attaches to epithelial cells of urinary and genital tracts and ascend to cause pyelonephritis
C. renale virulence factors
Fimbraie
Urease
Rhodococcus general features
Equi is pathogenic
Gram positive
Pleomorphic
Virulence of Rhodococcus
VAP
Mycolic acid lipid layer
Pneumonia in foals
Rhodococcus equi
Inhaled and enter alveoli and phagocytosed by macrophage. Multiply and destroy macrophage. Leading to neutrophil infiltration and abscess. Appear anorectic with nasal discharge, high mortality, lymphadenitis, abscess in the lungs
Trueperella general features
Gram positive
Rod
Pus forming
Trueperella virulence factors
Pylosin O-> protective factor
Neuraminidase
Protease
Liver abscesses in cows
Trueperella pyogenes
Secondary
Usually come from rumen and enter portal circulation
Summer mastitis in cows
Trueperella pyogenes
Normal inhabitant of the mucous membranes gets in from fly bites. In dry cows causing purulent secretion
Septic arthritis
Trueperella arthritis in swine. Get from uterus after farrowing
Pasteurella general features
Gram negative
No growth MacKonkey
Coccobacillus
Facultative
Resistant strains
Virulence of Pasteurella
LPS
Neuraminidase
Hyaluronidase
Capsule
Siderophores
Exotoxin-> dermonecrotic
Fowl cholera
Pasteurella multocida
An acute septicemic condition and can be chronic in recovered animal
Snuffles
Pasteurella multocida
In rabbits, upper respiratory infections
Septicemia, otitis, conjunctivitis often with Bordetella
Fibrinous and suppurative
Human pasteurella
Infected from cat bites
Leads to abscesses
Pneumonia and bronchitis
Mannheimia general features
Hemolytic
Red colonies on MacConkey
Found on mucous membranes cattle and sheep
Virulence of Mannheimia
Endotoxin
Neuraminidase
Leukotoxin-cytotoxin
Capsule
Siderophores
Iron regulated OMPs
Bovine Respiratory disease complex
Shipping fever
Stress is predisposing factor
Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocidais part of complex
Mannheimia granulomatis
Causes granulomas in cows
Bacillus general features
Gram positive
Rods
Central spores
Aerobic
Thick capsule
Bacillus antracisvirulence
Type A most virulent
Capsule
Edema factor
Lethal factor
Anthrax
Ingested or inhaled
Sporulates inside of macrophages and carry to lymph nodes and into the blood
Causes hemorrhage, shock, and edema
See high fever and death. Blood leak from orifices
Enlarged spleen and lymph nodes
Bacillus cereus
Attack injured tissue
Causes mastitis, abscess, foodborne intoxication
Animals most susceptible to anthrax
Cattle, sheep, and goats
Horses medium
Human anthrax forms
Cutaneous
Gastrointestinal
Inhalation
Injection
New Duck Disease
Riemerella anatipestifer
Infectious serositis of ducks and turkeys 1-8wks
Airsacculitis, fibrinous pericarditis, perihepatitis, meningitis
Actinobacillus general features
Gram negative
Cocco-bacilli pleomorphic rods
Facultative
Suppurative and necrotic
Actinobacillus virulence factors
Endotoxin
Stress
Hemolysin (A. pleuropneumoniae_
Capsuel ( A. pleuropneumoniae and A. suis)
Siderophores (A. pleuropnumoniae and A. suis)
Urease
Adhesins
Biofilms
RTX toxin (A. Suis)
Wooden tongue
Actinobacillus lignieresii. Can get from trauma to mucous membrane or direct contact with infected animal. Affects soft tissues of the head and forms abscesses. Makes the tongue hard and prevents from eating and drinking. Can form abscesses in other soft tissue areas but not as common, see in cattle, sheep, dogs, horses get brain abscesses. Treat abscesse with iodide
Sleepy foal Disease
Actinobacillus equiili
Acute septicemia accompanied by endocarditis and meningitis. See in horses
Actinobacillus suis
See in pigs causes septicemia, pneumonia, arthrits
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
Serofibrinous pleuritis, fibrinous pneumonia, septicemia, arthritis, meningitis
Actinobacillus zoonosis
Get A. lingieresii and causes bronchopneumonia from bite wounds of horses and sheep
