Exam 3: Actinomyces Flashcards
Actinomyces are G+, ___ shaped rods with filamentous branching
Club
Are Actinomyces aerobic or anaerobic
Aerobic, anaerobic, and capnophilic (require CO2)
T/F. Actinomyces are non spore forming
T
Actinomyces characteristically form micorcolonies in the center of lesions, surrounded by _____
Macrophages
T/F. Actinomyces are non-motile
T
Actinomyces are commensals of ___
oral cavity
Where do Actinomyces colonize?
mucus memb.
T/F. Most actinomyces spp. are part of the normal microbiota of the oral cavity
T
T/F. When Actinomyces cause disease, it is an Acute progressive, pyogranulomatous dz
F. Chronic Progressive, pyogranulomatous dz
Pathogenesis of a chronic progressive pyogranulomatous DZ
- damage of oral mucosa
- Spread by direct extension to bones
- Chronic infection with bone lysis
What are the 3 spp. of Actinomyces of vet importance?
- A. bovis
- A. viscosus
- A. hordeovulneris
Who is the host of Actinomyces bovis, and what does it cause?
Bovine
Bovine actinomycosis (lumpy jaw)
Who is the host of Actinomyces viscosus and what does it cause
Dog
Canine actinomycosis
Who it the host of Actinomyces hordeovulneris and what does it cause?
Dogs
Canine actinomycosis
Pyogranulomatous osteomyelitis in cattle
Lumpy jaw
How do cows become infected with lumpy jaw?
Actinomyces bovis introduced through penetrating wounds in the oral mucosa
C/S. of lumpy jaw
- Facial distortion
- Loose teeth
- dyspnea
Dx. of lumpy jaw
- C/S
- Microscopic exam of granules
- Culture
- Radiography
Tx of Lumpy jaw
Long term high dose penicillin tx
Gram positive filamentous branching bacteria
Dermatophilus
Are Dermatophilus aerobic or anaerobic
Aerobic
Are dermatophilus mobile
Yes
What type of infection does dermatophilus cause
Severe infections of traumatized and persistently wet skin with formation of scabs
Where are dermatophilus infections common
Tropics
T/F. Dermatophilus are zoonotic
T
Factors that inc. likelyhood of dermatophlus infections
- high humidity
- High temp.
- Ectoparasite infection
What is the spp. of Dermatophilus that is of vet importance
D. congolensis
Dz of cattle, goats, and horses, caused by Dermatophilus congolensis
Cutaneous streptotrichosis
Diseases of sheep infected with Dermatophilus congolensis
Lumpy wool
Strawberry footrot
Diseases of horses infected with Dermatophilus congolensis
Mud fever
Rain rot
Causes exudative dermatitis with scab formation
Dermatophilosis
What is the process of Dermatophilosis infection
- hair mat together
- crust formation
- accumulation of cutaneous keratinized lesions
3 ways to dx. Dermatophilosis infection
- C/S
- Histology of scabs
- Cytology of scab
Which stain would you use to detect Dermatophilosis
Giemsa
Tx of Dermatophilosus
- parenterally Abx
2. Topical tx
Gram +, pleomorphic bacteria that causes suppurative infections
Trueperella
T/F. Trueperella are aerobic and capnophilic
T
T/F. Trueperella are motile
F
T/F. Trueperella are spore forming
F
T/F Trueperella are non- capsuled
T
Where is Trueperella found?
mucosal memb of GIT
T/F. Trueperella survive well in the environ.
T
T/F. Trueperella are opportunistic pathogens
T
Prevelence of Trueperella is sporadic and governed by what 2 things?
- Stress
2. Trauma
what are pyolysins?
Hemolytic toxin, cytolytic for neutrophils and macrophages, dermatonecrotic and lethal for lab an.
spp. of Truperella that is an important pathogen of cattle
T. pyogens
T. Pyogens causes multiple purulent infections with a tendency to causes ____
bacteremia
What is summer mastitis?
Mastitis of non-lactating cows and heifers during the summer months
Summer mastitis is caused by synergism of what 3 bacterium?
- Trueperella pyogens
- Peptostreptococcus indolicus
- Streptococcus dusgalactiae
How is Trueperella pyogens transmitted
Head fly
C/S of summer sores
- Hard, swollen quarter
- enlarged teat
- hot
- thick secretion
How do you dx Trueperella infections?
- smear and gram stain
2. necropsy and isolation of bacteria
Tx of summer mastitis
Penicillin G
T/F. there is a vacc. against summer mastitis in cattle
F
What is the Actinobaculum spp. of vet importance
A. suis
What does actinobaculum look like
Gram positive rods
Are Actinobaculum aerobic or anaerobic
anaerobic
T/F. Actinobaculum are non-motile
T
T/F Actinobaculum are spore forming
F
Where is Actinobaculum suis commensal
preputial diverticulum of boars
T/F. Actinobaculum suis is a commensal of the urogenital tract of sows
F. not found in healthy sows at all
How is Actinobaculum suis transmitted?
sex
Causes porcine cystitis and pyelonephritis 3-4 weeks after sex
Actinobaculum Suis
