Exam 2: Rickettsia, Chlamydia, and Coxiella

Question 1

What are the 2 genera in the family Rickettsiaceae

Answer 1

1. Rickettsia

2. Orientia

Question 2

_____ are arthropod transmitted parasites of blood cells or endothelial cells and may cause persistent infections

Answer 2

Rickettsia

Question 3

Small, obligate intracelluular bacteria that reside freely within the cytoplasm of the infected host cell

Answer 3

Rickettsia

Question 4

T/F rickettsia are Gram positive coccobacilli

Answer 4

F. gram neg.

Question 5

What are reservoirs for Rickettsia

Answer 5

rodents and sm. mammals

Question 6

How do animals become infected with rickettsia?

Answer 6

arthropod bite

Question 7

What are the 2 groups of Rickettsia

Answer 7

1. Typhus group (TG)

2. Spotted fever group (SFG)

Question 8

What are the two spp of ricketsia in the typhus group?

Answer 8

1. R. prowazekii

2. R. typhi

Question 9

Which Spp of rickettsia is isn the Spotted fever group?

Answer 9

R. rickettsii

Question 10

Rickettsial isolation is performed in BSL __ laboratories

Answer 10

3

Question 11

Dx of rickettsia

Answer 11

Direct detection
PCR
Serology Culture

Question 12

Tx of rickettsia

Answer 12

Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Chloramphenicol
Enrofloxacin

Question 13

Cause of rocky mtn. spotted fever in humans and dogs

Answer 13

R. rickettsia

Question 14

What is the pathogenecis of R. rickettesia

Answer 14

invades and repicates in endothelial cells of blood vessels, initiating platelet activation

Question 15

C/S of R. rickettsia

Answer 15

Fever
Depression
Anorexia
SQ Edema
Stiff gait

Question 16

Tx of R. rickettsia

Answer 16

Tetracycline

Question 17

Type of Rickettsia causing Epidemic typhus, spread by human and flying squirrel luse

Answer 17

R. prowazekii

Question 18

Type of rickettsia causing murine typhus

Answer 18

R. typhi

Question 19

What is the cycle of importance for R. typhi spread?

Answer 19

opossum flea cycle

Question 20

Rikettsia transmitted by the cat flea and causes inapparent infection in the cat

Answer 20

R. felis

Question 21

What does Rickettsia felis cause in humans?

Answer 21

Flea-borne spotted fever

Question 22

Rickettsia that is transmitted by chigger mites and causes scrub typhys

Answer 22

orientia tsutsugamshi

Question 23

Type of rickettsia that infects Farmed fish

Answer 23

Piscirickettsia salmonis

Question 24

which species of tick transmitts Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Answer 24

Ixodes

Question 25

What does Anaplasma phagocytophilum cause in dogs

Answer 25

canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis

Question 26

Anaplasma that causes infectious cyclic thromboytopenia

Answer 26

A. platys

Question 27

What cells become infected with Anaplasma playts

Answer 27

Platlets

Question 28

How do you Dx Anaplasma playts

Answer 28

Blood smear FA PCR

Question 29

Tx for Anaplasma playts

Answer 29

Doxycycline

Question 30

What are the target cells for Anaplasma marginale

Answer 30

Erythrocytes

Question 31

What ssp of Anaplasma causes anaplasmosis in ruminants?

Answer 31

A. marginale

Question 32

T/F. Calves are much more resistant to Anaplasma marginale than adults

Answer 32

T

Question 33

Tx of Anaplasma marginale

Answer 33

Tetracycline and imidocarb

Question 34

Ehrlichia canis causes what disease in dogs?

Answer 34

Canine monocyclic ehrlichiosis (CME)

Question 35

What cells does Ehrlichia canis infect?

Answer 35

Forms a cluster of bacteria within the cytoplasm of the monocyte

Question 36

Ehrlichia canis is transmitted by _____

Answer 36

Rhipichephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick)

Question 37

What are the two phases of the pathogenesis of CME?

Answer 37

acute and chronic

Question 38

T/F CME is associated with lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly

Answer 38

T

Question 39

______ on CBC typifies the severe chronic form of ehrlichiosis due to hypoplasia of alll bone marrow cells

Answer 39

Pancytopenia

Question 40

Dx of Ehrlichia canis

Answer 40

IFA SNAP PCR

Question 41

Tx of Ehrlichia canis

Answer 41

Doxycycline

Question 42

Type of Ehrlichia that cause granulocytic ehrlichiosis in ppl and dogs

Answer 42

E. ewingii

Question 43

Which tick transmitts Ehrlichia ewingii

Answer 43

Amblyomma americanum

Question 44

Which type of ehrlichia causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis

Answer 44

E. chaffeensis

Question 45

Whic tick transmits Ehrlichia chaffeensis

Answer 45

Amblyomma americanum

Question 46

Type of Ehrlichia that causes Heart water Dz

Answer 46

E. ruminantium

Question 47

T/F E. ruminantium is a reportable dz in the USA

Answer 47

T

Question 48

Where does Ehrlichia ruminantium replicate

Answer 48

Macrophages and endothelial cells

Question 49

What is the tick vector of Ehrlichia ruminantium?

Answer 49

amblyomma amercanum

Question 50

What are the c/s of Ehrlichia ruminantium?

Answer 50

Resp and neuro signs

Question 51

how do you dx Ehrlichia ruminantium?

Answer 51

brain squash smear

Question 52

Tx of ehrlichia ruminantium?

Answer 52

Tetracycline

Question 53

What Spp of neorickettsia causes potomac horse fever

Answer 53

N. risticii

Question 54

which cells become infected with neorickettsia risticii

Answer 54

Enterocytes and monocytes

Question 55

Neorickettsia risticii is a seasonal dz. In which months do you see it?

Answer 55

June - oct.

Question 56

What are the vectors of neorickettsia risticii?

Answer 56

Snails and trematodes

Question 57

C/S of Neorickettsia risticii

Answer 57

fever, anorexia, leukopenia, D+, laminitis, abortion

Question 58

T/F there is a vacc. available for N. risticii

Answer 58

T

Question 59

Type of Neorickettsia that causes salmon poisoning in dogs

Answer 59

N. helminthoeca

Question 60

What is the IH of neorickettsia helminthoexa

Answer 60

snails and flukes (N salmoncola)

Question 61

What type of Neorickettsia can a dog get by ingesting a salmon infected with N. salmoncola

Answer 61

N. helminthoeca

Question 62

What cells become infected with Neorickettsia helminthoeca

Answer 62

Monocytes and macrophages

Question 63

C/S. of Neorickettsia helminthoeca

Answer 63

Fever, depression, anorexia, V+, hemorhhagic D+, lymphadenopathy

Question 64

In neorickettsia helminthoeca, lesions in the intestines appear and are associatid with _____ tissue

Answer 64

Lymphoid

Question 65

Dx of Neorickettsia helminthoeca

Answer 65

Fluke eggs in feces

Question 66

What is the DD of neorickettsia helmintoeca

Answer 66

Parvo

Question 67

Tx of Neorickettsia helminthoeca

Answer 67

Tetracycline and praziquantel

Question 68

Is chlamydia an _intra/extracellular_ pathogen?

Answer 68

Obligate intracellular

Question 69

which cells become infected with chlamydia

Answer 69

Epithelial cells

Question 70

What type of lifecycle dos chlamydia have

Answer 70

Dimorphic

Question 71

What are the 2 parts of the dimorphic life cycle of chlamydia

Answer 71

1. reticulate body: intracellular replicating form | 2. Elementary body: Extracellular non-rep. form

Question 72

Which form of chlamydia can survive outside of the host?

Answer 72

Elementary body

Question 73

Chlamydia are known as energy parasites because____ they do not generate ATP

Answer 73

they do not generate ATP

Question 74

Which spp of chlamydia is zoonotic?

Answer 74

C. psittachi

Question 75

What are the 3 major chlamydial diseases in humans?

Answer 75

C. psittachi C. trachomatis C. pneumonia

Question 76

Avian chlamydiosis

Answer 76

C. psittachi

Question 77

human chlamydiosis

Answer 77

C. trachomatis

Question 78

Chlamida in humans and koalas that causes conjunctivitis, pneumonitis, abortion and arthritis

Answer 78

C. pneumonia

Question 79

what are the 4 ways you can dx chlamydia

Answer 79

1. microscopic detection by cytologic exam 2. culture 3. serology 4. PCR

Question 80

What chlamydial diagnostic tool would you use to detect carriers

Answer 80

PCR

Question 81

Causes avian chlamydiosis

Answer 81

C. psittaci

Question 82

Chlamydia psittaci is a BSL __

Answer 82

3

Question 83

T/F. Chlamydia psittaci is a zoonotic disease but is not reportable

Answer 83

F. also reportable

Question 84

Tx for Chlamydia psittaci

Answer 84

tetracycline

Question 85

T/F. there is a vacc. available for Chlamydia psittaci

Answer 85

F

Question 86

What does Chlamydia abortus cause in ruminants

Answer 86

Enzootic abortion of ewes

Question 87

type of chlamydia that causes polyarthritis is lambs and calves

Answer 87

C. pecorum

Question 88

What two diseases does Chlamydia pecorum cause?

Answer 88

Stiff lamb dz | Sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis (SBE)

Question 89

Chlamidial spp. that is a known agent of feline pneumonitis

Answer 89

C. felis

Question 90

What are the most common signs of Chlamydia felis infection?

Answer 90

1. Conjunctivits | 2. Rhinitis

Question 91

What is the bacteria that causes Queensland fever?

Answer 91

Coxiella burnetii

Question 92

T/F Coxiella burnetii is an obligate extracellular pathogen.

Answer 92

F. intracellular

Question 93

What spp. are susceptible to Coxiella burnetii infection?

Answer 93

Ruminants and humans

Question 94

Why is coxiella burnetii a difficult pathogen to control?

Answer 94

endospore- like form persistent in environ

Question 95

T/F. Coxioella burnetii subclinically persists in carrier males.

Answer 95

F. Females

Question 96

T/F Coxiella burnetii is released in massive quantities areound partrition

Answer 96

T

Question 97

T/F. there is a vacc. for cattle against coxiella burnetii

Answer 97

F. vacc for humans

Question 98

What does subclinical Coxiella burnetii dz cause in pregnant animals

Answer 98

abortion and placentitis

Question 99

How do you tx coxiella burnetii

Answer 99

tetracycline and fluoroquinolones