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Bacteriology > Exam 2: Yeast and Dimorphic Fungi > Flashcards

Exam 2: Yeast and Dimorphic Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

T/F Candida albicans is the normal flora of the mouth, intestine, lower urogenital tract

A

T

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2
Q

T/F. Candida albicans is a gram- positive yeast

A

T

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3
Q

T/F. Candida albicans can cause systemic infections

A

T

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4
Q

Common conditon caused by Candida albicans, manifested as white-yellow hyperkeratonic lesions

A

Thrush

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5
Q

What are the 3 predispositons of Candida albicans infection

A
  1. Antibiotic tx
  2. Immunosuppression
  3. moisture
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6
Q

Thick- walled, bottle shaped, lipophilic yeast

A

Malassezia pachydermatis

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7
Q

T/F. Malassezia pachydermatis are commensals on the skin of animals

A

T

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8
Q

Malassezia pachydermatis is commonly found where on dogs

A

Ears

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9
Q

What are the two sppl of Cryptococcus we learned about>?

A

C. neoformans and C. gattii

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10
Q

Where is Cryptococcus commonly found?

A

Environment

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11
Q

Large, round, budding yeast

A

Cryptococcus

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12
Q

Disease of the immunocompromised causing chronic granulomatous infection of the upper resp. tract and CNS of cats and dogs,

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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13
Q

What are the 4 ways you can Dx cryptococcus

A
  1. Microscopid detection
  2. Fungal culture
  3. Test for capsilar antigen
  4. Test for serum antibody
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14
Q

Tx. of cryptococcosis

A

long term tx with amphotericin flucytosine, azoles,

surgical removal

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15
Q

How do you prevent Cryptococcsus infection

A

avoid areas with large amts. of dried pigeon poo

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16
Q

Single cell or spherule form at mammalian body temps and mold form at ambient environmental temp.

A

Termally dimorphic fungi

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17
Q

What are the 4 types of Thermally dimorphic fungi?

A
  1. histoplasma
  2. Blastomyces
  3. Coccidioides
  4. Sporothrix
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18
Q

The most common of the systemic mycoses

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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19
Q

Dimorphic fungus characterized by large, broad- based budding yeast with a thick cell wall

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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20
Q

Where is blastomyces dermatitidis commonly found.

A

Environmental organism of the ohio-mississippi river vally

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21
Q

Route of entry of blastomycosis

A

inhalation mostly

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22
Q

Blastomycosis is most common in what spp?

A

dogs and humans

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23
Q

T/F. With regards to Blastomycosis, Disseminated disease is uncommon

A

F. common

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24
Q

Dx of Blastomycosis

A
  1. Fungal culture
  2. Serology
  3. Biopsy and histopathology
25
Q

What fungi can be described as Large, spherical yeast with broad base budding

A

Blastomycosis

26
Q

What drugs are used to tx Blastomycosis

A

Amphotericin or itraconazole

27
Q

T/F there is a vacc. available for Blastomycosis

A

F

28
Q

Thermally dimorphic fungus that is small, oval yeast, frequently seen in macrophage of infected tisssue

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

29
Q

Histoplasma capsulatum is a BSL __

A

3

30
Q

Where is Histoplasma capsultatum commonly found in the environment

A

Dark, moist, soil covered with bird or bat poo

31
Q

What is the most common route of entry of Histoplasmosis

A

Inhalation

32
Q

Which spp are most commonly infected with histoplasmosis

A

human, dog, cat

33
Q

Chronic/active resp. dz or disseminated disease caused by histoplasma capsultatium

A

Histoplasmosis

34
Q

In dogs infected with histoplasmosis, _____ is commonly seen

A

intestinal dz

35
Q

What type of inflammation can be seen in histoplasmosis

A

Granulomatous

36
Q

T/F Histoplasmosis is contagious from animal to animal

A

F. not usually

37
Q

2nd most common systemic fungal infection in cats

A

Histoplasmosis

38
Q

Most common ocular sign of histoplasmosis in cats

A

Granulomatous chorioretinitis

39
Q

How do you Dx histoplasmosis infection

A

Microscopic detection in tissue

40
Q

Tx of histoplasmosis

A

Azoles and amphoterocin B

41
Q

Dimorphic fungus, but does not produce yeast form, instead large thick walled spherules containing endospores in tissue

A

Coccidioides immitis

42
Q

Coccidioides immitis is a BSL__ agent

A

3

43
Q

Where is Coccidioides immitis commonly seen in the states

A

southwestern US

44
Q

How does Coccidioides imminis enter the animal

A

inhalation of arthroconidia

45
Q

Coccidioidomycosis is commonly seen in which spp.?

A

humans, dogs, horses

46
Q

Fungi that causes chronic/active resp. and disseminated dz similar to TB

A

Coccidioides imminis

47
Q

Osteomyelitis is commonly seen in this disease:

A

Coccidioidomycosis

48
Q

how do you dx Coccidioidiodes imminis infection

A

Direct detection of spherules containing endospores in tissue

49
Q

Tx of coccidioidomycosis

A

Azoles and amphoterocin B

50
Q

Cigar- shaped, thermally dimorphic fungus

A

Sporothrix schenkii

51
Q

What does sporothrix schenkii look like in tissue

A

Pleomorphic

52
Q

Where does Sporothrix schenkii live?

A

sphagnum moss, hay, soil, other plants

53
Q

Type of fungi associated with woody plants and entry usually by puncture wound

A

Sporothriz schenkii

54
Q

which spp. are most commonly infected with sporothrix schenkii

A

Cats and horses

55
Q

how do you dx sporothrix schenkii

A

microscopic detection in culture

56
Q

how do you tx sporothrix schenkii

A

Azoles, potassium iodide given orally

57
Q

General screening of invasive fungal dz

A

Beta-D glucan assay

58
Q

Qualitative and semi-quantitative test system for the detection of capsular polysaccharide antigens of cryptocccus neoformans in serum or CSF

A

Latex agglutination test

Bacteriology (31 decks)

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