Exam 1: Gram Positive Corynebacterium

Question 1

Gram positive, non-motile pleomorphic bacteria

Answer 1

Corynebacterium

Question 2

T/F. Corynebacterium are obligate aerobes.

Answer 2

F. aerobic or facultative anaerobic

Question 3

T/F. corynecacterium are non-spore forming

Answer 3

T

Question 4

T/F. Corynebacterium contain short mycolic acids in their cell wall

Answer 4

T

Question 5

Where are corynebacterium commensals?

Answer 5

mucus memb.

Question 6

Corynebacterium are opportunistic pathogens causing mostly _____ infections.

Answer 6

Pyogenic

Question 7

Gram positive aerobes with an unusual lipid rich outer layer which tend to survive in macrophages

Answer 7

Corynebacterium

Question 8

Virulence factor of corynebacterium that protects from hydrolytic enzymes in host phagocytes

Answer 8

External lipid coat

Question 9

virulence factor of corynebacterium used to hydrolyze cell membranes

Answer 9

Exotoxin Phospholipase D

Question 10

Virulence factor of Corynebacterium that interferes with protein synthesis incells

Answer 10

Diphtheria toxin

Question 11

What are the 4 species of Corynebacterium important in vet med?

Answer 11

1. C. pseudotuberculosis
2. C. bovis
3. C. renale group
4. C. kutscheri

Question 12

What are the 2 species of Corynebacterium renal group?

Answer 12

1. C. renale
2. C. pilosum
3. C. cystitidis

Question 13

Caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats is caused by ____

Answer 13

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 14

Chronic pyogranulomatous infection of lymph nodes of sheep and goats

Answer 14

Caseous lymphadenitis

Question 15

What is Thin ewe syndrome?

Answer 15

internal abscesses leading to chronic wt. loss due to Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection.

Question 16

T/F. Caseous lymphadenitis is considered a curable disease?

Answer 16

F

Question 17

What causes ulcerative lymphangitis in horses?

Answer 17

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 18

Infectious, inflamatory condition of the cutaneous lymphatic system of lower limbs and chronic abscesses in the pectoral an ventral region of horses

Answer 18

Ulcerative lymphangitis caused by corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 19

What are the 2 categories of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

Answer 19

1. Non-nitrate reducing biotype

2. Nitrate reducing biotype

Question 20

Caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats is cause by which category of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

Answer 20

Non-nitrate reducing biotype

Question 21

Ulcerative lymphangitis in horses is caused by which category of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Answer 21

Nitrate reducing biotype

Question 22

Horse presents with the following signs:

selling of chest, fever, loss of app., lameness, external abscesses

Answer 22

Ulcerative lymphangitis caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 23

What are other names of Ulcerative lymphangitis?

Answer 23

pigeon fever

dry-land distemper

Question 24

T/F Ulcerative lymphangitis in horses is common in wet areas?

Answer 24

F. Dry

Question 25

Ulcerative lymphangitis is a seasonal incidence. When is it most prevalent?

Answer 25

autumn and early winter

Question 26

What insects play a role in the dissemination of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

Answer 26

Stable flies, horn flies, house flies

Question 27

Inflammation of the urinary bladder that may ascend the ureters to cause infection of the kidneys in cows.

Answer 27

Contagious bovine pyelonephritis

Question 28

What organisms cause Contagious bovine pyelonephritis?

Answer 28

1. Corynebacterium renale 2. Corynebacterium cystiditis 3. Corynebacterium pilosum

Question 29

What is the reservoir of corynebacterium renal group in cows?

Answer 29

vulva and vagina of carriers

Question 30

Cow presents with: | fever, loss of app., painful urination, urine odor, abbdominal pain, dec. milk production

Answer 30

Contagious bovine pyelonephritis cause by Corynebacterium renal group

Question 31

Diseas of lab animals caused by Corynebacterium kutscheri.

Answer 31

Murine pseudotuberculosis

Question 32

Gram positive bacteria occuring as cocci or rods

Answer 32

Rhodococcus

Question 33

T/F. Rhodococcus are strongly acid fast

Answer 33

F. weakly

Question 34

Opportunistic pathogen of young foals that survive in macrophages with granular formation

Answer 34

Rhodococcus

Question 35

T/F. Rhodococcus are obigate intracellular pathogens

Answer 35

F. facultative intracellular

Question 36

The main respiratory pathogen of foals under 6mo?

Answer 36

Rhodococcus

Question 37

Why are foals most susceptible to suppurative bronchopneumonia caused by Rhodococcus?

Answer 37

bacterial-directed inappropriate Th2 rather than Th1 based immune response and impaired cellular immunity in the lungs

Question 38

Virulence factor of Rhodococcus that promotes survival in non-activated macrophages

Answer 38

vapA protein

Question 39

Virulence factor of Rhodococcus that retards phagocytosis

Answer 39

Capsular polysaccharides and mycolic acid

Question 40

How do foals become infected with rhodococcus

Answer 40

inhalation

Question 41

What are some factors that inc. the chances of foals becoming infected with rhodococcus?

Answer 41

1. Dry weather 2. High foal density 3. Poor grass cover on paddocks 4. Large number of horses on farm

Question 42

What species can be infected with rhodococcus equi?

Answer 42

Foals, pigs, cattle, cats

Question 43

Bronchopneumonia and lung abscessation in foals, 1-4 mo.

Answer 43

Suppurative bronchopneumonia of foals caused by Rhodococcus equi

Question 44

Foal presents to with: | fever, anorexia, diarrhea, cough, and dyspnoea

Answer 44

Suppurative bronchopneumonia of foals caused by Rhodococcus equi

Question 45

Gram positive, pleomorphic, aerobic, bacteria. may be cocci or rods with characteristic long branching filaments

Answer 45

Nocardia

Question 46

T/F Nocardium are facultative intracellular bacterium and acid fast partial

Answer 46

T

Question 47

Where is Nocardia commonly found in the environment?

Answer 47

Soil and water

Question 48

T/F. Nocardia are pathogenic even in immunocompetent animals

Answer 48

F. non- pathogenic

Question 49

What are the 3 forms of Nocardiosis in dogs?

Answer 49

1. Thoracic 2. Cutaneous 3. Disseminated

Question 50

What is the form of Nocardiosis in cows?

Answer 50

Mastitis

Question 51

What form of nocardiosis causes fibrovascular proliferative reaction on pleura and accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity of dogs

Answer 51

Thoracic form

Question 52

What form of Nocardiosis causes ulcers on the skin of dogs

Answer 52

Cutaneous

Question 53

What is bovine nocardial mastitis?

Answer 53

Chronic mastitis with multifocal fibrosis in affectd gland caused by Nocardia