Exam 1: Gram Positive Corynebacterium Flashcards
Gram positive, non-motile pleomorphic bacteria
Corynebacterium
T/F. Corynebacterium are obligate aerobes.
F. aerobic or facultative anaerobic
T/F. corynecacterium are non-spore forming
T
T/F. Corynebacterium contain short mycolic acids in their cell wall
T
Where are corynebacterium commensals?
mucus memb.
Corynebacterium are opportunistic pathogens causing mostly _____ infections.
Pyogenic
Gram positive aerobes with an unusual lipid rich outer layer which tend to survive in macrophages
Corynebacterium
Virulence factor of corynebacterium that protects from hydrolytic enzymes in host phagocytes
External lipid coat
virulence factor of corynebacterium used to hydrolyze cell membranes
Exotoxin Phospholipase D
Virulence factor of Corynebacterium that interferes with protein synthesis incells
Diphtheria toxin
What are the 4 species of Corynebacterium important in vet med?
- C. pseudotuberculosis
- C. bovis
- C. renale group
- C. kutscheri
What are the 2 species of Corynebacterium renal group?
- C. renale
- C. pilosum
- C. cystitidis
Caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats is caused by ____
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
Chronic pyogranulomatous infection of lymph nodes of sheep and goats
Caseous lymphadenitis
What is Thin ewe syndrome?
internal abscesses leading to chronic wt. loss due to Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection.
T/F. Caseous lymphadenitis is considered a curable disease?
F
What causes ulcerative lymphangitis in horses?
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
Infectious, inflamatory condition of the cutaneous lymphatic system of lower limbs and chronic abscesses in the pectoral an ventral region of horses
Ulcerative lymphangitis caused by corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
What are the 2 categories of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?
- Non-nitrate reducing biotype
2. Nitrate reducing biotype
Caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats is cause by which category of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?
Non-nitrate reducing biotype
Ulcerative lymphangitis in horses is caused by which category of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
Nitrate reducing biotype
Horse presents with the following signs:
selling of chest, fever, loss of app., lameness, external abscesses
Ulcerative lymphangitis caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
What are other names of Ulcerative lymphangitis?
pigeon fever
dry-land distemper
T/F Ulcerative lymphangitis in horses is common in wet areas?
F. Dry
Ulcerative lymphangitis is a seasonal incidence. When is it most prevalent?
autumn and early winter
What insects play a role in the dissemination of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?
Stable flies, horn flies, house flies
Inflammation of the urinary bladder that may ascend the ureters to cause infection of the kidneys in cows.
Contagious bovine pyelonephritis
What organisms cause Contagious bovine pyelonephritis?
- Corynebacterium renale
- Corynebacterium cystiditis
- Corynebacterium pilosum
What is the reservoir of corynebacterium renal group in cows?
vulva and vagina of carriers
Cow presents with:
fever, loss of app., painful urination, urine odor, abbdominal pain, dec. milk production
Contagious bovine pyelonephritis cause by Corynebacterium renal group
Diseas of lab animals caused by Corynebacterium kutscheri.
Murine pseudotuberculosis
Gram positive bacteria occuring as cocci or rods
Rhodococcus
T/F. Rhodococcus are strongly acid fast
F. weakly
Opportunistic pathogen of young foals that survive in macrophages with granular formation
Rhodococcus
T/F. Rhodococcus are obigate intracellular pathogens
F. facultative intracellular
The main respiratory pathogen of foals under 6mo?
Rhodococcus
Why are foals most susceptible to suppurative bronchopneumonia caused by Rhodococcus?
bacterial-directed inappropriate Th2 rather than Th1 based immune response and impaired cellular immunity in the lungs
Virulence factor of Rhodococcus that promotes survival in non-activated macrophages
vapA protein
Virulence factor of Rhodococcus that retards phagocytosis
Capsular polysaccharides and mycolic acid
How do foals become infected with rhodococcus
inhalation
What are some factors that inc. the chances of foals becoming infected with rhodococcus?
- Dry weather
- High foal density
- Poor grass cover on paddocks
- Large number of horses on farm
What species can be infected with rhodococcus equi?
Foals, pigs, cattle, cats
Bronchopneumonia and lung abscessation in foals, 1-4 mo.
Suppurative bronchopneumonia of foals caused by Rhodococcus equi
Foal presents to with:
fever, anorexia, diarrhea, cough, and dyspnoea
Suppurative bronchopneumonia of foals caused by Rhodococcus equi
Gram positive, pleomorphic, aerobic, bacteria. may be cocci or rods with characteristic long branching filaments
Nocardia
T/F Nocardium are facultative intracellular bacterium and acid fast partial
T
Where is Nocardia commonly found in the environment?
Soil and water
T/F. Nocardia are pathogenic even in immunocompetent animals
F. non- pathogenic
What are the 3 forms of Nocardiosis in dogs?
- Thoracic
- Cutaneous
- Disseminated
What is the form of Nocardiosis in cows?
Mastitis
What form of nocardiosis causes fibrovascular proliferative reaction on pleura and accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity of dogs
Thoracic form
What form of Nocardiosis causes ulcers on the skin of dogs
Cutaneous
What is bovine nocardial mastitis?
Chronic mastitis with multifocal fibrosis in affectd gland caused by Nocardia
