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Bacteriology > Exam 2: Antimicrobial Summary > Flashcards

Exam 2: Antimicrobial Summary Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 Beta Lactam antimicrobials

A
  1. Penicillins
  2. Cephalosporins
  3. Sublactams
  4. Carbapenems
  5. Monobactams
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2
Q

What is the MOA of Beta lactams

A

disrupt cell wall synthesis and stimulate autolysing which degrade peptidoglycan

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3
Q

How are Beta lactams excreted

A

Kidney

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4
Q

What are the 3 resistance mech. of Beta lactams

A
  1. B-lactamase
  2. extended spectrum B lactamase
  3. Alteration in penicillin binding proteins
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5
Q

Synergism of B-lactams

A

Clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam

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6
Q

Antagonism of B- Lactams

A

Tetracycline

chloramphenicol

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7
Q

Broad spectrum antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis

A

Tetracycline

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8
Q

What is the MOA of Tetracycline

A

Bacteriostatic

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9
Q

What are the 4 tetracyclines

A
  1. Oxytetracycline
  2. Chlortetracycline
  3. Doxycycline
  4. Minocycline
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10
Q

T/F Tetracyclines are excreted in milk

A

T

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11
Q

What is the MOA of Aminoglycosides

A

Inhibit protein synthesis, bactericidal

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12
Q

T/F Aminoglycosides can cross the bBB

A

F

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13
Q

How are aminoglycosides excreted

A

Kidney

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14
Q

What are the members of the aminoglycosides

A
  1. Gentamicin
  2. Amikacin
  3. Tobramycin
  4. Streptomycin
  5. Kanamycin
  6. Neomycin
  7. Spectinomycin
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15
Q

Acute tubular necrosis caused by aminoglycosides

A

Nephrotoxicity

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16
Q

T/F. you can use aminoglycosides in surgeries where local anesthetic is used

A

F

17
Q

Synthetic antimicrobial that inhibit DNA gyrase

A

Fluoroquinolones

18
Q

What are the 2 Fluoroquinolones

A
  1. Enrofloxacin

2. Ciprofloxacin

19
Q

Fluoroquinolones have a high intracellular conc. in ____

A

phagocytes

20
Q

Fluoroquinolones work better for gram positive or negative?

A

negative

21
Q

T/F fluoroquinolones are highly effective against anaerobes

A

F

22
Q

What are the 3 macrolides

A
  1. Erythromycin
  2. Azithromycin
  3. Clarithromycin
23
Q

Where does intracellular accumulation of macrolides occur

A

Phagocytes

24
Q

What is the MOA of macrolides

A

Bacteriostatc, inhibit protein synthesis

25
Q

What are the 3 sulfa drugs?

A

Sulfonamide
Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfadiazine

26
Q

What is the MOA of sulfa drugs

A

Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis pathway

27
Q

How are sulfa drugs excreted

A

Bile, poo, urine

28
Q

Which drug is a broad spectum antimicrobial agent

A

Sulfa drugs

Bacteriology (31 decks)

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