Exam 2: Antimicrobial Summary Flashcards
What are the 5 Beta Lactam antimicrobials
- Penicillins
- Cephalosporins
- Sublactams
- Carbapenems
- Monobactams
What is the MOA of Beta lactams
disrupt cell wall synthesis and stimulate autolysing which degrade peptidoglycan
How are Beta lactams excreted
Kidney
What are the 3 resistance mech. of Beta lactams
- B-lactamase
- extended spectrum B lactamase
- Alteration in penicillin binding proteins
Synergism of B-lactams
Clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam
Antagonism of B- Lactams
Tetracycline
chloramphenicol
Broad spectrum antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis
Tetracycline
What is the MOA of Tetracycline
Bacteriostatic
What are the 4 tetracyclines
- Oxytetracycline
- Chlortetracycline
- Doxycycline
- Minocycline
T/F Tetracyclines are excreted in milk
T
What is the MOA of Aminoglycosides
Inhibit protein synthesis, bactericidal
T/F Aminoglycosides can cross the bBB
F
How are aminoglycosides excreted
Kidney
What are the members of the aminoglycosides
- Gentamicin
- Amikacin
- Tobramycin
- Streptomycin
- Kanamycin
- Neomycin
- Spectinomycin
Acute tubular necrosis caused by aminoglycosides
Nephrotoxicity
T/F. you can use aminoglycosides in surgeries where local anesthetic is used
F
Synthetic antimicrobial that inhibit DNA gyrase
Fluoroquinolones
What are the 2 Fluoroquinolones
- Enrofloxacin
2. Ciprofloxacin
Fluoroquinolones have a high intracellular conc. in ____
phagocytes
Fluoroquinolones work better for gram positive or negative?
negative
T/F fluoroquinolones are highly effective against anaerobes
F
What are the 3 macrolides
- Erythromycin
- Azithromycin
- Clarithromycin
Where does intracellular accumulation of macrolides occur
Phagocytes
What is the MOA of macrolides
Bacteriostatc, inhibit protein synthesis
What are the 3 sulfa drugs?
Sulfonamide
Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfadiazine
What is the MOA of sulfa drugs
Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis pathway
How are sulfa drugs excreted
Bile, poo, urine
Which drug is a broad spectum antimicrobial agent
Sulfa drugs
