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Bacteriology > Exam 2: General Mycology > Flashcards

Exam 2: General Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

Where are fungi found in the animal

A

Skin and mucous memb

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2
Q

T/F Fungi are prokaryotes

A

F. eukaryotes

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3
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

obtain carbon by consuming other organisms

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4
Q

How do fungi reproduce

A

asexually by fragmentation, and budding

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5
Q

what does the cell memb. of fungi contain

A

Sterols

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6
Q

Unicellular forms of fungi?

A

yeast

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7
Q

multicellular forms of fungi

A

mold

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8
Q

What does mold have that contains the spores

A

hyphae and fruiting bodies

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9
Q

Group of tangled hyphae is called:

A

mycelium

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of fungal morphologic forms

A
  1. yeast
  2. molds
  3. dimorphic
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11
Q

Fungal morphologic form that has hyphae, tube-like multicellular structures

A

Molds

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12
Q

Fungal morphologic form that is round, single cells

A

Yeast

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13
Q

Fungal morphologic form that can be yeast or hyphal depending on the temp.

A

Dimorphic

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14
Q

The main element of th evegetative or growing form of fungal structures

A

Hyphae

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15
Q

Hyphae can be divided by cross-walls called ___

A

septa

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16
Q

What are the two pigmentation of hyphae

A

Dark pigment

Non-pigment

17
Q

What are the 3 types of diseases caused by fungi?

A
  1. fungal infections
  2. mycotoxicoses
  3. allergies
18
Q

When fungus invades the tissue and induce its pathogenic effect

A

Fungal infections

19
Q

Fungal contamination or growth on food material leads accumulation of toxins and when consumed induce severe disease

A

Mycotoxicoses

20
Q

Inhaled fungal spores induce hypersensitivity and _____

A

Allergies

21
Q

Infections limited to the outermost layers of the skin and hair

A

Superficial infections

22
Q

Infections that extend deeper into the epidermis as well as invasive hair and nail diseases

A

Cutaneous infections

23
Q

Infections involving the dermis, subcutaneous tissues, muscle and fascia

A

Subcutaneous infection

24
Q

Infections that originate primarily in the lung but spread to many other organs

A

Systemic infection

25
Q

What are the 5 ways to Dx fungal diseases

A 
1. morphologic recognition in clinical specimens
2 Detection in clinical specimens 
3. Detection of host IR 
4. Fungus culture and ID
5. Nucleic acid detection by PCR
26
Q

T/F fungal cultures grow best at environmental temp. and aerobic condition

A

T

27
Q

What are the 3 types of fungal culture medium?

A
  1. sabouraud Dextrose Agar
  2. Sabouraud Dextrose Agar
  3. Dermotophyte test media
28
Q

Clinical ID of Fungal culture isolates depends on what 6 things

A
  1. Growth characteristics
  2. Macroscopic appearance of growth
  3. Biochemical characteristics
  4. Hyphal characteristics
  5. Type of asexual sporulation
  6. Characteristics of spores
29
Q

What are the 5 categories of antifungal drugs?

A
  1. Polyenes
  2. Flucytosine
  3. Azoles
  4. Allylamines
  5. Griseofulvin
30
Q

What are the 3 categories of antifungal drugs that inhibit ergosterol

A
  1. Polyenes
  2. Azoles
  3. Allylamines
31
Q

Which category of antifungal drugs inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

A

Flucytosine

32
Q

Which category of antifungal drugs inhibits mitosis

A

Allylamines

33
Q

Test used to determine the breakpoint of a fungus, so you can choose an appropriate drug

A

Antifungal susceptibility test

34
Q

T/F, Immunity to a fungus is mainly cell- mediated

A

T

35
Q

Most fungal lesions are Granulomatous, which means what?

A

Resemble mycobacteriosis and other diseases caused by facultative intracellular bacteria

36
Q

A mycotic infection of humans and lower animals caused by a number of dematiaceous (brown pigmented) fungus

A

Phaeohyphomycosis

37
Q

A mycotic infection of the cutaneous and SQ tissues characterized by the development in tissue of dematiaceous, rounded sclerotic bodies

A

Chromoblastomycosis

38
Q

Any invection due to a member of the zygomycetes

A

Zygomycosis

39
Q

A mycotic infection of humans and animals caused by a number of diff. fungi and actinomycetes, characterized by draining sinuses

A

Mycetoma

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