Exam 2: General Mycology

Question 1

Where are fungi found in the animal

Answer 1

Skin and mucous memb

Question 2

T/F Fungi are prokaryotes

Answer 2

F. eukaryotes

Question 3

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 3

obtain carbon by consuming other organisms

Question 4

How do fungi reproduce

Answer 4

asexually by fragmentation, and budding

Question 5

what does the cell memb. of fungi contain

Answer 5

Sterols

Question 6

Unicellular forms of fungi?

Answer 6

yeast

Question 7

multicellular forms of fungi

Answer 7

mold

Question 8

What does mold have that contains the spores

Answer 8

hyphae and fruiting bodies

Question 9

Group of tangled hyphae is called:

Answer 9

mycelium

Question 10

What are the 3 types of fungal morphologic forms

Answer 10

1. yeast
2. molds
3. dimorphic

Question 11

Fungal morphologic form that has hyphae, tube-like multicellular structures

Answer 11

Molds

Question 12

Fungal morphologic form that is round, single cells

Answer 12

Yeast

Question 13

Fungal morphologic form that can be yeast or hyphal depending on the temp.

Answer 13

Dimorphic

Question 14

The main element of th evegetative or growing form of fungal structures

Answer 14

Hyphae

Question 15

Hyphae can be divided by cross-walls called ___

Answer 15

septa

Question 16

What are the two pigmentation of hyphae

Answer 16

Dark pigment

Non-pigment

Question 17

What are the 3 types of diseases caused by fungi?

Answer 17

1. fungal infections
2. mycotoxicoses
3. allergies

Question 18

When fungus invades the tissue and induce its pathogenic effect

Answer 18

Fungal infections

Question 19

Fungal contamination or growth on food material leads accumulation of toxins and when consumed induce severe disease

Answer 19

Mycotoxicoses

Question 20

Inhaled fungal spores induce hypersensitivity and _____

Answer 20

Allergies

Question 21

Infections limited to the outermost layers of the skin and hair

Answer 21

Superficial infections

Question 22

Infections that extend deeper into the epidermis as well as invasive hair and nail diseases

Answer 22

Cutaneous infections

Question 23

Infections involving the dermis, subcutaneous tissues, muscle and fascia

Answer 23

Subcutaneous infection

Question 24

Infections that originate primarily in the lung but spread to many other organs

Answer 24

Systemic infection

Question 25

What are the 5 ways to Dx fungal diseases

Answer 25

``` 1. morphologic recognition in clinical specimens 2 Detection in clinical specimens 3. Detection of host IR 4. Fungus culture and ID 5. Nucleic acid detection by PCR ```

Question 26

T/F fungal cultures grow best at environmental temp. and aerobic condition

Answer 26

T

Question 27

What are the 3 types of fungal culture medium?

Answer 27

1. sabouraud Dextrose Agar 2. Sabouraud Dextrose Agar 3. Dermotophyte test media

Question 28

Clinical ID of Fungal culture isolates depends on what 6 things

Answer 28

1. Growth characteristics 2. Macroscopic appearance of growth 3. Biochemical characteristics 4. Hyphal characteristics 5. Type of asexual sporulation 6. Characteristics of spores

Question 29

What are the 5 categories of antifungal drugs?

Answer 29

1. Polyenes 2. Flucytosine 3. Azoles 4. Allylamines 5. Griseofulvin

Question 30

What are the 3 categories of antifungal drugs that inhibit ergosterol

Answer 30

1. Polyenes 2. Azoles 3. Allylamines

Question 31

Which category of antifungal drugs inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

Answer 31

Flucytosine

Question 32

Which category of antifungal drugs inhibits mitosis

Answer 32

Allylamines

Question 33

Test used to determine the breakpoint of a fungus, so you can choose an appropriate drug

Answer 33

Antifungal susceptibility test

Question 34

T/F, Immunity to a fungus is mainly cell- mediated

Answer 34

T

Question 35

Most fungal lesions are Granulomatous, which means what?

Answer 35

Resemble mycobacteriosis and other diseases caused by facultative intracellular bacteria

Question 36

A mycotic infection of humans and lower animals caused by a number of dematiaceous (brown pigmented) fungus

Answer 36

Phaeohyphomycosis

Question 37

A mycotic infection of the cutaneous and SQ tissues characterized by the development in tissue of dematiaceous, rounded sclerotic bodies

Answer 37

Chromoblastomycosis

Question 38

Any invection due to a member of the zygomycetes

Answer 38

Zygomycosis

Question 39

A mycotic infection of humans and animals caused by a number of diff. fungi and actinomycetes, characterized by draining sinuses

Answer 39

Mycetoma