Exam 2: Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Lawsonia

Question 1

List two similaraties between campylobacter, helicobacter, and lawsonia

Answer 1

1. Typical gram neg. cell wall

2. opportunistic extracellular pathogens

Question 2

Curved, motile, gram negative rods

Answer 2

Campylobacter

Question 3

What is the O2 requirement for campylobacter

Answer 3

Microaerophilic (low oxygen required so dont survive well in the environment

Question 4

Where is campylobacter found?

Answer 4

GIT and lower genital tract

Question 5

T/F campylobacter is easy to isolate

Answer 5

F. difficult to isolate and need special culture

Question 6

What are the common campylobacter pathogens?

Answer 6

1. C. fetus subsp. venerealis
2. C. fetus subsp. fetus
3. C. jejuni
4. C. coli, C. upsanliensis

Question 7

Which spp of campylobacter causes bovine venereal campylobacteriosis

Answer 7

C. fetus subsp. venerealis

Question 8

Which spp. of Calmpylobacter causes early embryonic death?

Answer 8

C. fetus subsp. venerealis

Question 9

Which spp of campylobacter causes bacteraemia and abortions

Answer 9

C. fetus subsp. fetus

Question 10

Which spp. of campylobacter causes gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and bacteremia in all spp.

Answer 10

C. jejuni

Question 11

What does C. jejuni cause in dogs

Answer 11

Sporadic gastroenteritis

Question 12

What does C. jeuni cause in ruminants?

Answer 12

Sporadic abortion

Question 13

What does C. jejuni cause in poultry?

Answer 13

sporadic gastroenteritis and hepatitis

Question 14

Major cause of intestinal illness and D+ in humans and animals

Answer 14

C. jejuni

Question 15

T/F. C. jejuni is common under poor sanitation conditions

Answer 15

T

Question 16

who is most effected by C. jejuni

Answer 16

Young

Question 17

how do people or animals become infected with C. jejuni

Answer 17

ingestion of contaminated materials

Question 18

What syndrome is associated with C. jejuni and what is it?

Answer 18

Guillain Barre syndrome: an acute immune-mediated demyelination of peripheral n.

Question 19

List some major sources of C. jejuni

Answer 19

chicken, raw milk, puppies, water, other meats

Question 20

how is C. jejuni mobile

Answer 20

single bipolar flagellum

Question 21

where does C. jejuni colonize

Answer 21

in the GI mucus where it invades the epithelial cells and leads to bacteremia

Question 22

what attributes to D+ in C. jejuni infection

Answer 22

Heat labile enterotoxin

Question 23

What attributes to cell cycle arrest in C. jejuni inf.

Answer 23

Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT)

Question 24

What are the 4 diseases caused by C. jejuni

Answer 24

1. superficial erosive enteritis
2. ileitis-colitis (hemorrhagic)
3. self-limiting enteritis
4. severe, invasive, bacteremia and abortions

Question 25

How do you Dx c. jejuni

Answer 25

Culture of poo

Question 26

How do you tx C. jejuni

Answer 26

macrolides, and fluoroquinolones

Question 27

How do you control C. jejuni

Answer 27

Hygiene and management

Question 28

Bovine venereal campylobacteriosis

Answer 28

Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis

Question 29

Campylobacter that causes subclinical infection in the preputial crypts of bulls

Answer 29

C. fetus subsp. venerealis

Question 30

What are the c/s of C. fetus subsp. venerealis?

Answer 30

1. Endometritis 2. salpingitis 3. transient infertility 4. early embryonic death

Question 31

How do you Dx C fetus subsp. venerealis in Bulls?

Answer 31

1. Preputial wash or semen 2. Darkfield microscopy 3. PCR 4. Culture

Question 32

How do you Dx C fetus subsp. venerealis in cows?

Answer 32

1. Abs in vaginal mucus | 2. Culture (not as sensitive in cows)

Question 33

Tx for C fetus subsp. venerealis

Answer 33

Antimicriobials

Question 34

How do you control C fetus subsp. venerealis

Answer 34

Breed only test negative bulls and heifers

Question 35

Campylobacter that are commensals in the GIT of ruminants that causes ovine genital campylobacteriosis

Answer 35

C fetus subsp. fetus

Question 36

what does C fetus subsp. fetus cause in cattle?

Answer 36

occasional abortions

Question 37

small, spirally curved gram - rods present in the GIT

Answer 37

Helicobacter

Question 38

T/F helicobacter spp are motile

Answer 38

T. bipolar flagellum

Question 39

T/F Helicobacter spp. are anaerobic

Answer 39

F. Microaerophilic

Question 40

T/F Helicobacter spp. are gram negative

Answer 40

T

Question 41

Helicobacter spp. that is found in the stomach and associated with gastric ulcers and neoplasms

Answer 41

H. pylori

Question 42

What are the virulence factors associated with H. pylori

Answer 42

1. adhesins 2. flagella 3. endotoxin 4. extracellular urease

Question 43

Strains of helicobacter that are also found in the stomach of cats and dogs that have been linked to gastritis and ulcers

Answer 43

H. canis H. felis H. heilmannii

Question 44

Helicobacter spp. that are mouse pathogens involved in hepatic necrosis, nonsupprative hepatitis, and hepatocellular tumors

Answer 44

H. hepaticus and H bilis

Question 45

Helicobacter spp involved in hypergastrinemia and peptic ulcers in ferrets

Answer 45

Helicobacter mustelae

Question 46

How do you Dx Helicobacter spp?

Answer 46

1. endoscopy 2. urease breath test 3. microscopic detection (Serology, PCR)

Question 47

Tx of helicobacter

Answer 47

proton pump inhibitors and antimicrobials

Question 48

T/F. it is difficult to control Helicobacter

Answer 48

T

Question 49

What are some steps to conrolling helicobacter?

Answer 49

Isolate and tx infected animals | test and cull (lab animals)

Question 50

How do you control lawsonia intracellularis infection?

Answer 50

1. live attenuated vacc. in pigs | 2. specific pathogen free approaches