EX3 Histology - Female Reproductive System

Question 1

What is the endocrine and exocrine function of the ovaries

Answer 1

endocrine - produce estrogens and progestogens; steriodogenesis
exocrine - produce the female gamete (ovum); gametogenesis; produce and ovulate a secondary oocyte

Question 2

These promotes the growth and maturation of internal and external sex organs, promotes menstruation and development of secondary sex characteristics

Answer 2

estrogens

Question 3

These prepare internal sex organs (uterus) for pregnancy by promoting changes in endometrium and mammary glands for lactation

Answer 3

progestones

Question 4

These are found within the cortex of the ovaries and composed of an oocyte surrounded by one or more layers of epithelium

Answer 4

ovarian follicles

Question 5

What indicates the developmental state of the oocyte

Answer 5

size of the ovarian follicles

Question 6

What are the three basic types of ovarian follicles

Answer 6

primordial follicles
growing follicles (primary and secondary)
mature (or Graafian) follicles

Question 7

What stage of the follicle has squamous epithelium

Answer 7

primordial follicle

Question 8

In the third month of fetal life, what happens, what stage of meiosis is it stuck

Answer 8

PGCs migrate from yolk sac; the oogenia divide into primary oocyte and rest at prophase of meiosis 1

Question 9

How many ovarian folic in the fetus? ovulated?

Answer 9

600,000-800,000 at birth

~400 ovulated (lost via atresia)

Question 10

This is a sheath of connective tissue cells that develop from the stromal cells surrounding the developing follicle; found external to the basal lamina

Answer 10

theca folliculi

Question 11

The theca follicli differentiates into which two parts

Answer 11

theca interna

theca externa

Question 12

These are cubodial secretory cells and in response to LH, they synthesize and secrete androgens (estrogen precursor); endocrine; fibroblasts, collagen bundles and lots of vessels

Answer 12

theca interna

Question 13

This is the fibrous outer portion; smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and collagen bundles

Answer 13

theca externa

Question 14

This is produced by(and is) granular cells; produces follicular fluid and is indicative a secondary follicle

Answer 14

antrum (secondary Antral follicles)

Question 15

This hormone stimulates follicle cells to grow, increase in size, and the growth of an oocyte

Answer 15

FSH; from pituitary gland

Question 16

This is made of glycoproteins; vital for sperm attachment

Answer 16

zona pellucide

Question 17

This is made follicular cells that have grown

Answer 17

stratum granulosum (granulosa cells)

Question 18

What begins the secondary oocyte

Answer 18

metaphase of meiosis, this will be ovulated

Question 19

These are the two cells of the corpus luteum

Answer 19

granulosa lutein cells

theca lutein cells

Question 20

These cells undergo hypertrophy (30μm); centrally located cells derived from granulosa cells; begins to produce progesterone

Answer 20

granulosa leutin cells

Question 21

These cells slightly increase in size (15μm); peripherally located cells derived from cells of the theca intern; produce estorgens

Answer 21

theca leutin cells

Question 22

At what stage will the granulosa and theca leutin cells inactivate and lyse

Answer 22

day 14

Question 23

This is formed from the degeneration of the corpus luteum

Answer 23

corpus albicans

Question 24

This is a paired muscular tube 12cm in length, where fertilization takes place

Answer 24

uterine (Fallopian) tube

Question 25

What makes up the wall of the uterine tube

Answer 25

folded mucosa with simple columnar epithelium, thick muscularis (smooth muscle) and serosa

Question 26

What type of cells are found in the uterine tube

Answer 26

ciliated cells | secretory cells

Question 27

These cells help move the oocyte toward the uterus

Answer 27

ciliated cells

Question 28

These cells are dark staining, have apical budges and produce a nutritive fluid covering epithelium

Answer 28

secretory cells

Question 29

This is the outer connective tissue later (adventitia or serosa) of the uterus

Answer 29

perimetrium

Question 30

This is the middle thick layer of the uterus made up of bundles of smooth muscle separated by connective tissue and blood vessels; four poorly defined layers

Answer 30

myometrium

Question 31

This is the inner layer of the uterus made up of simply columnar epithelium with both ciliated and secretory cells with lamina propria; contains uterine glands

Answer 31

endometrium

Question 32

What are the two parts of the endometrium

Answer 32

basal layer | functional layer

Question 33

What happens to the functional layer of the endometrium during menstrual flow

Answer 33

it thickens by changes in ovarian hormones and the majority is sloughed away during menstruation

Question 34

What does the basal layer of the endometrium contain

Answer 34

uterine glands

Question 35

What type of epithelium is in the vagina

Answer 35

wall; mucosa, muscular, adventitia mucosa = nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium smooth muscle = inner circular, outer longitudinal

Question 36

What are the two types of primary oocytes

Answer 36

unilaminar and multilaminar | will see either 1 or 2+ layers