EX2 The Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen Flashcards
This is a thin, translucent, serous membrane where vessels tend to travel between the layers
peritoneum
What is the peritoneal sac
all visceral and parietal peritoneal membranes
What is the peritoneal cavity
a potential space within the peritoneal sac
contains serous fluid
allows organs to move freely
True or False
The peritoneal cavity may become filled with fluid
True; it can fill with fluid (ascites) and can cause disease and/or injury/infection
This attaches to the greater curvature of stomach and transverse colon; it drapes over the small intestine
greater omentum
The greater omentum serves to do what
it can wall off infections and inflammation site; an form adhesions
This ligament is the largest portion of the greater omentum and consist of 2 double layers –> 4 layers total
gastrocolic ligament
This attaches to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the duodenum and connect to the liver
lesser omentum
What are the two ligaments associated with the lesser omentum
hepatogastric ligament (liver to stomach) hepatodueodenal ligament (lifer to deodenum)
This ligament contains the portal triad
Hepatoduodenal ligament
it contains the hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct
This anchors most of the small intestine to posterior abdomen wall; running diagonally from duodenojejunal junction to ileocecal junction
mesentery proper
This fibromuscular ligament descends from the right crus of diaphragm crossing over the left crus and holds the duodenum in place (preventing sagging)
suspensory ligament of Treitz
This anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall
mesocolon
True or False
The ascending and descending colon have no mesentery; they are anchored directly to the posterior wall
True
The transverse and sigmoid colons are anchored by what type of mesocolon
transverse colon –> transverse mesocolon
sigmoid colon –> sigmoid mesocolon
True or False
The rectum is fully covered with peritoneum
False; it is only partially covered
This divides the liver into right and left lobes; anchors the liver to the diaphragm and anterior body wall
falciform ligament
This is an inferior extension of the falciform ligament of which contains the obliterated umbilical vein
round ligament
This is a reflection of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver; attaches the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm
coronary ligament
What are the single layered peritoneal folds
median umbilical fold
medial umbilical folds (2)
lateral umbilical folds (2)
The median umbilical fold covers what structure
fetal urachus
The medial umbilical folds cover what structure
fetal umbilical artery
The lateral umbilical folds cover what structure
inferior epigastric vessels
True or False
potential peritoneal spaces in standing become actual spaces in recumbent patients
True; fluids can accumulate in these recesses
this is why it is important to move bedridden patients
What are the peritoneal pouches that can become spaces in recumbent patients
hepatorenal pouch
rectovesical or retrouterine pouch
This pouch is bounded by the liver, right kidney, colon, and duodenum
hepatorenal pouch (pouch of Morrison)
This pouch is between the rectum and bladder
rectovesical and rectouterine pouch
True or False
fluids can move between the hepatorenal and rectovesical/rectouterine pouches
True
This organ detoxifies chemical products and produces bile
liver
This organ stores bile for the emulsification of fats
gallbladder
This organ produces enzymes for digestion
pancreas
This organ produces lymphocytes and filters blood
spleen
This organ is attached to inferior surface of the liver; contacts the duodenum, colon, and AAW
gallbladder
These bile ducts receive bile from the right and left lobes of the liver
right and left hepatic ducts
This bile ducts receives the right and left hepatic ducts
common hepatic duct
This bile duct is connected to the gall bladder
cystic duct
This bile duct receives cystic and common hepatic ducts
common bile duct
The common bile duct joins which duct and they empty where
joins to main pancreatic duct
empty into the major duodenal papilla
This organ consists of a head, neck, tail, and uncinate process; its retroperitoneal and transverse across PAW; surrounded by C-chaped duodenum on the right and spleen on the left
pancreas
The enzymes of the pancreas drain via what ducts
main pancreatic duct (empties into duodenum)
accessory pancreatic duct (superior to the major papilla
True or False
The drainage of the pancreas is variable
True
This organ contacts the diaphragm along ribs 9-11
spleen
The celiac trunk is the 1st major branch of which artery and supplies what, with what branches
branch of abdominal aorta
supplies liver, gall bladder, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and spleen
3 branches –> common hepatic, left gastric, splenic
The common hepatic artery is a branch of what, supplies what, with what branches
right branch of celiac trunk
runs toward liver and gallbladder
2 branches –> proper hepatic and gastroduodenal
The proper hepatic artery is a branch of what, runs toward where and supplies what (via what branches)
superior branch of common hepatic artery
runs toward liver; medial to common bile duct and superficial to portal vein
splits to R and L hepatic arteries supplying R and L lobes of the liver
The gastroduodenal artery is a branch of what, runs where and supplies what (via what branches)
inferior branch of common hepatic
runs toward jxn of stomach and duodenum
sends pancreaticoduocenal artery to pancreas and duodenum
sends R gastroepiploic to greater curvature
sends supraduodenal to superior duodenum
The left gastric artery is a branch of what, runs to where, and supplies what (via what branches)
superior branch of celiac trunk
runs left toward lesser curvature
supplies stomach and esophagus via esophageal branches
The splenic artery is a branch of what, runs to where, and supplies what (via what branches)
left branch of celiac trunk
runs toward spleen; supplying pancreas and spleen
sends short gastric artery and left gastroepiploic artery which supplies greater curvature
True or False
The hepatic artery has few variations
False; the hepatic artery has a significant number of variations; roughly 40%
What type of complications can arise from cystic artery variations
the cystic artery can run posterior/anterior to the common hepatic duct and complications can cause constrictions
True or False
Even with variations in the right gastric artery, anastomoses are always maintained
True
