EX2 Pelvic Neurovasculature Flashcards
This splits into the common iliac artery
abdominal aorta
This splits into the external and internal iliac arteries
common iliac artery
This exits the pelvis as the femoral artery
external iliac artery
This enters the true pelvic and branches into posterior and anterior branches
internal iliac artery
What does the internal iliac artery and its branches supply
pelvic organs and gluteal region
This posterior artery branch of internal iliac runs between the iliac crest and L5; runs superior
Iliolumbar
This posterior artery branch of internal iliac enters the ventral sacral foramina
lateral sacral
This artery supplies medial ilium and L5
iliolumbar
This artery supplies sacrum and ventral sacral nerves
lateral sacral
This posterior artery branch of internal iliac between L5 and S1 enters gluteal region superior to the piriformis muscle
superior gluteal
This posterior artery branch of internal iliac between S1/S2 or S2/S3 enters gluteal region inferior to piriformis muscle
inferior gluteal
This artery supplies gluteal muscles (medius and minimus) along with the accompanying nerve
superior gluteal
This artery supplies the gluteal muscle (maximus) along with the accompanying nerve
inferior gluteal
What is the path of the internal pudendal artery (posterior branch of internal iliac)
exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen
enters the gluteal region inferomedial to piriformis
crosses over sacrpspinous ligament
re-enters the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen
*runs with the pudendal nerve
This artery supplies the urogenital and anal triangles
internal pudendal artery
This contains the internal pudendal artery and pudendal nerve back in pelvis
pudendal canal
This is formed by fascia of obturator interns mucles and runs anteriorly along ischiopubic ramus (toward the UG∆)
pudendal canal
This anterior artery branch of internal iliac runs toward the anterior abdominal wall
umbilical
This anterior artery branch of internal iliac runs through the obturator canal
obturator
This artery sends 3-4 superior vesicle arteries to bladder and terminates as medial umbilical ligament
umbilical
This artery supplies medial thigh running with the nerve
obturator
The obturator artery anastomoses with which vessels
inferior epigastric
What is meant by the Corona Mortis “crown of death”
since obturator anastomoses with inferior epigastric, damage to them could open the entire internal and external iliac system, causing death in minutes
This anterior artery branch of internal iliac anastomoses with ovarian artery from aorta
uterine
This artery supplies uterus, cervix, and superior vaginal canal
uterine
What are the male counterparts to the uterine artery in females
inferior vesical and artery of ductus deferens
This anterior artery branch of internal iliac supplies the inferior vaginal canal and posterior inferior bladder
vaginal
This anterior artery branch of internal iliac supplies the rectum
middle rectal
The ureter runs between which to arteries in females
uterine
vaginal
What kind of complications can arise from the ureter running between the uterine and vaginal arteries
During a hysterectomy, the ureter can be cut accidentally causing backup into the kidneys; kidney stones
This is the major vein of venous drainage of the pelvis and it ultimately runs to which vein
internal iliac
IVC
This venous system enters the IVC superiorly; hypertension; anastomoses
portal venous system
This is a venous network that surounds the bladder, prostate or uterus, and rectum
pelvic venous plexus
True or False
The pelvic venous plexuses intercommunicate prior to forming named vessels
True
What is the significance about the pelvic venous plexus intercommunication
there are clinical consequences involving the transportation of tumor cells or venous hypertension; it is valveless
What type of innervation is the sacral plexus
somatic innervation
S2-S4
What type of innervation is the autonomic plexuses
autonomic innervation
This forms the lumbosacral trunk and crosses over sacral ala
L4-L5
This emerges above the piriformis muscle
S1
These emerge through piriformis muscle
S2 and S3
These contribute to the pudendal nerve
S2-S4
These form the sciatic and gluteal nerve
L4-S3
Which levels of the spinal cord form the sacral plexus
L4-S4
What trunks form the sacral plexus
lumbosacral trunk
sympathetic trunk
sciatic trunk
The sympathetic fibers of the sacral plexus are made up of what spinal levels and nerves
T10-L2(3)
sacral splanchnic nerves
The parasympathetic fibers of the sacral plexus are made up of what spinal levels and nerves
S2-S4
pelvic splanchnic nerves
The superior hyopgastric plexus contains what type of fibers and forms what nerve(s) which go where
mostly sympathetic fibers
condenses to form 2 hyopgastric nerves
they diverge and curve outward bilateral to rectum
This plexus covers the bifurcation of aorta and upper sacrum
hypogastric plexus
The inferior hypogastric plexus contains what type of fibers and serves as what
both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
serves as main autonomic plexus of pelvis
This plexus covered pelvic viscera bilaterally
inferior hypogastric plexus
True or False
In the thorax, sympathetic chain ganglia are more medial
False; in the thorax that are more lateral and move medially as they descend
The pelvic sympathetic fibers are located where and terminate where
medial to sacral foramen
converge and terminate anterior to coccyx and ganglion impar at the midline
These are tiny sympathetic fibers off the sympathetic chain
sacral splanchnic nerves
These are tiny parasympathetic fibers off S2-S4
pelvic splanchnic nerves
The sacral and pelvis splanchnic nerves enter which plexus to travel where
inferior hypogastric plexus
fibers travel on arterial branches to pelvic organs
The splanchnic nerves are closely related to what
lateral rectum and uterus
What are the clinical implication of the splanchnic nerves
easily injured during rectal surgery or radical hysterectomy
results in impaired bladder control or sexual function
Where do the abdominopelvic lymphatic vessels and nodes lie
along aorta, IVC, and iliac vessels
What is the flow of lymphatic drainage
superficial to deep then superiorly
through vessels, nodes, and cisterns
What is the flow of lymphatic drainage below umbilicus
it moves inferiorly first to inguinal then deep then superiorly
True or False
Each organ has its on lymphatic drainage
True
