EX2 Pelvic Neurovasculature

Question 1

This splits into the common iliac artery

Answer 1

abdominal aorta

Question 2

This splits into the external and internal iliac arteries

Answer 2

common iliac artery

Question 3

This exits the pelvis as the femoral artery

Answer 3

external iliac artery

Question 4

This enters the true pelvic and branches into posterior and anterior branches

Answer 4

internal iliac artery

Question 5

What does the internal iliac artery and its branches supply

Answer 5

pelvic organs and gluteal region

Question 6

This posterior artery branch of internal iliac runs between the iliac crest and L5; runs superior

Answer 6

Iliolumbar

Question 7

This posterior artery branch of internal iliac enters the ventral sacral foramina

Answer 7

lateral sacral

Question 8

This artery supplies medial ilium and L5

Answer 8

iliolumbar

Question 9

This artery supplies sacrum and ventral sacral nerves

Answer 9

lateral sacral

Question 10

This posterior artery branch of internal iliac between L5 and S1 enters gluteal region superior to the piriformis muscle

Answer 10

superior gluteal

Question 11

This posterior artery branch of internal iliac between S1/S2 or S2/S3 enters gluteal region inferior to piriformis muscle

Answer 11

inferior gluteal

Question 12

This artery supplies gluteal muscles (medius and minimus) along with the accompanying nerve

Answer 12

superior gluteal

Question 13

This artery supplies the gluteal muscle (maximus) along with the accompanying nerve

Answer 13

inferior gluteal

Question 14

What is the path of the internal pudendal artery (posterior branch of internal iliac)

Answer 14

exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen
enters the gluteal region inferomedial to piriformis
crosses over sacrpspinous ligament
re-enters the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen
*runs with the pudendal nerve

Question 15

This artery supplies the urogenital and anal triangles

Answer 15

internal pudendal artery

Question 16

This contains the internal pudendal artery and pudendal nerve back in pelvis

Answer 16

pudendal canal

Question 17

This is formed by fascia of obturator interns mucles and runs anteriorly along ischiopubic ramus (toward the UG∆)

Answer 17

pudendal canal

Question 18

This anterior artery branch of internal iliac runs toward the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 18

umbilical

Question 19

This anterior artery branch of internal iliac runs through the obturator canal

Answer 19

obturator

Question 20

This artery sends 3-4 superior vesicle arteries to bladder and terminates as medial umbilical ligament

Answer 20

umbilical

Question 21

This artery supplies medial thigh running with the nerve

Answer 21

obturator

Question 22

The obturator artery anastomoses with which vessels

Answer 22

inferior epigastric

Question 23

What is meant by the Corona Mortis “crown of death”

Answer 23

since obturator anastomoses with inferior epigastric, damage to them could open the entire internal and external iliac system, causing death in minutes

Question 24

This anterior artery branch of internal iliac anastomoses with ovarian artery from aorta

Answer 24

uterine

Question 25

This artery supplies uterus, cervix, and superior vaginal canal

Answer 25

uterine

Question 26

What are the male counterparts to the uterine artery in females

Answer 26

inferior vesical and artery of ductus deferens

Question 27

This anterior artery branch of internal iliac supplies the inferior vaginal canal and posterior inferior bladder

Answer 27

vaginal

Question 28

This anterior artery branch of internal iliac supplies the rectum

Answer 28

middle rectal

Question 29

The ureter runs between which to arteries in females

Answer 29

uterine | vaginal

Question 30

What kind of complications can arise from the ureter running between the uterine and vaginal arteries

Answer 30

During a hysterectomy, the ureter can be cut accidentally causing backup into the kidneys; kidney stones

Question 31

This is the major vein of venous drainage of the pelvis and it ultimately runs to which vein

Answer 31

internal iliac | IVC

Question 32

This venous system enters the IVC superiorly; hypertension; anastomoses

Answer 32

portal venous system

Question 33

This is a venous network that surounds the bladder, prostate or uterus, and rectum

Answer 33

pelvic venous plexus

Question 34

True or False | The pelvic venous plexuses intercommunicate prior to forming named vessels

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is the significance about the pelvic venous plexus intercommunication

Answer 35

there are clinical consequences involving the transportation of tumor cells or venous hypertension; it is valveless

Question 36

What type of innervation is the sacral plexus

Answer 36

somatic innervation | S2-S4

Question 37

What type of innervation is the autonomic plexuses

Answer 37

autonomic innervation

Question 38

This forms the lumbosacral trunk and crosses over sacral ala

Answer 38

L4-L5

Question 39

This emerges above the piriformis muscle

Answer 39

S1

Question 40

These emerge through piriformis muscle

Answer 40

S2 and S3

Question 41

These contribute to the pudendal nerve

Answer 41

S2-S4

Question 42

These form the sciatic and gluteal nerve

Answer 42

L4-S3

Question 43

Which levels of the spinal cord form the sacral plexus

Answer 43

L4-S4

Question 44

What trunks form the sacral plexus

Answer 44

lumbosacral trunk sympathetic trunk sciatic trunk

Question 45

The sympathetic fibers of the sacral plexus are made up of what spinal levels and nerves

Answer 45

T10-L2(3) | sacral splanchnic nerves

Question 46

The parasympathetic fibers of the sacral plexus are made up of what spinal levels and nerves

Answer 46

S2-S4 | pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 47

The superior hyopgastric plexus contains what type of fibers and forms what nerve(s) which go where

Answer 47

mostly sympathetic fibers condenses to form 2 hyopgastric nerves they diverge and curve outward bilateral to rectum

Question 48

This plexus covers the bifurcation of aorta and upper sacrum

Answer 48

hypogastric plexus

Question 49

The inferior hypogastric plexus contains what type of fibers and serves as what

Answer 49

both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers | serves as main autonomic plexus of pelvis

Question 50

This plexus covered pelvic viscera bilaterally

Answer 50

inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 51

True or False | In the thorax, sympathetic chain ganglia are more medial

Answer 51

False; in the thorax that are more lateral and move medially as they descend

Question 52

The pelvic sympathetic fibers are located where and terminate where

Answer 52

medial to sacral foramen | converge and terminate anterior to coccyx and ganglion impar at the midline

Question 53

These are tiny sympathetic fibers off the sympathetic chain

Answer 53

sacral splanchnic nerves

Question 54

These are tiny parasympathetic fibers off S2-S4

Answer 54

pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 55

The sacral and pelvis splanchnic nerves enter which plexus to travel where

Answer 55

inferior hypogastric plexus | fibers travel on arterial branches to pelvic organs

Question 56

The splanchnic nerves are closely related to what

Answer 56

lateral rectum and uterus

Question 57

What are the clinical implication of the splanchnic nerves

Answer 57

easily injured during rectal surgery or radical hysterectomy | results in impaired bladder control or sexual function

Question 58

Where do the abdominopelvic lymphatic vessels and nodes lie

Answer 58

along aorta, IVC, and iliac vessels

Question 59

What is the flow of lymphatic drainage

Answer 59

superficial to deep then superiorly | through vessels, nodes, and cisterns

Question 60

What is the flow of lymphatic drainage below umbilicus

Answer 60

it moves inferiorly first to inguinal then deep then superiorly

Question 61

True or False | Each organ has its on lymphatic drainage

Answer 61

True