EX2 Pelvis and Pelvic Floor

Question 1

This is located above the pelvic brim, pelvic inlet is continuous with the abdominal cavity, and also known as the greater pelvis

Answer 1

false pelvis

Question 2

This is located below the pelvic brim, pelvic outlet closed off below by muscular pelvic floor, and known as the lesser pelvic

Answer 2

true pelvis

Question 3

This bone of the pelvic girdle is made up of 5 fused bones

Answer 3

sacrum; 5 fused sacral vertebrae

Question 4

These bones make up the 2 os coxae

Answer 4

ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 5

What defines the border of the pelvic brim

Answer 5

the pectineal line of the superior ride of the superior ramus is continuous with the arcuate line

Question 6

What is the shape of the pelvic brim in males and in females

Answer 6

males = heart shaped
females = oval shaped

Question 7

Who has shorter pubic symphysis, males or females?

Answer 7

females

Question 8

Who has narrower pubic arch and less flared iliac wings (alae), males or females?

Answer 8

males

Question 9

Who has their ischial tuberosities further apart, males or females?

Answer 9

females

Question 10

Who has shorter, less curved sacrum, males or females?

Answer 10

females

Question 11

What is the shape of the obturator foramen in males and in females

Answer 11

males = round
females = oval

Question 12

What is the pubic arch angles in males and females

Answer 12

males = less than 70°
females = more than 80°

Question 13

This connects the 2 pubic bones

Answer 13

pubic sympthysis

Question 14

This is located between the sacrum and ilium anteriorly

Answer 14

anterior sacroiliac ligament

Question 15

This is located between the sacrum and ilium posteriorly

Answer 15

posterior sacroiliac ligament

Question 16

This is located from the ischial spine to the sacrum/coccyx, in the lower boundary of greater sciatic foramen

Answer 16

sacrospinous ligament

Question 17

This is located from the sacrum to the tuberosity of the isichium, in the lower border of lesser sciatic foramen

Answer 17

sacrotuberous ligament

Question 18

This closes off obturator foramen (lower border of obturator canal)

Answer 18

obturator membrane

Question 19

This is a diamond shaped region between the thigh; contains 2 triangles

Answer 19

perineum

Question 20

This triangle involves the passage of urinary and genital

Answer 20

urogenital triangle

Question 21

This triangle involves the passage of rectum and anus

Answer 21

anal triangle

Question 22

This triangle is deep to perineal muscle or UG diaphragm

Answer 22

urogenital triangle

Question 23

This triangle is in the plevic floor muscles or pelvic diaphragm

Answer 23

anal triangle

Question 24

This structure is the joining of the urogenital and anal triangles

Answer 24

pineal body

Question 25

What are the two main muscles of the pelvic diaphragm

Answer 25

levator ani | coccygeus

Question 26

What are the three bands that make up the levator ani

Answer 26

iliococcygeus pubococcygeus pubrorectalis

Question 27

What muscles assist those of the pelvic diaphragm

Answer 27

piriformis | obturator internus

Question 28

This muscle extends from anterior sacrum to greater trochanter, passing behind greater sciatic notch, and closes off posterior/superior pelvic outlet

Answer 28

piriformis muscle

Question 29

This muscle extends from obturator foramen to greater trochanter, covered with thick fascia and attaches to legator ahi as tendinous arch

Answer 29

obturator internus

Question 30

This is anterior/inferior to pelvic diaphragm extending between 2 pubic arches and attaching posteriorly to perineal body

Answer 30

urogenital diaphragm

Question 31

The UG diaphragm is composed of what muscles and blends with which muscles

Answer 31

composed of deep transverse perineal body | blends with sphincter muscles of urethra (and vagina in females)

Question 32

These transport urine from kidneys to bladder, cross external iliac vessels and descend into pelvis

Answer 32

ureters

Question 33

True or False | The ureters travel to posterolateral aspect of urinary bladder

Answer 33

True

Question 34

This stores urine prior to expulsion through urethra and is covered with peritoneum and supported by pelvic floor

Answer 34

urinary bladder

Question 35

What is the muscle that makes up the urinary bladder

Answer 35

smooth muscle; detrusor urinae

Question 36

The urethra is how long in women and located where

Answer 36

3.5-4cm | between bladder and external urethral orifice

Question 37

Which is longer, the male or female urethra

Answer 37

male

Question 38

What are the four parts of the male urethra starting closest to the bladder

Answer 38

preprostatic prostatic membranous spongy

Question 39

This is located in true pelvis superior to pelvic floor

Answer 39

rectum

Question 40

The rectum is normally constricted by what

Answer 40

puborctal sling; made up of puborectalis muscle

Question 41

This emerges in anal triangle inferior to pelvic floor and is continuous with rectum at anorectal junction at puborectal sling

Answer 41

anal canal

Question 42

The puborectal sling produces curvature at what and when relaxed allows what

Answer 42

curvature at anorectal junction | relaxes to allow defecation

Question 43

What are the two main components of the male pelvic viscera

Answer 43

ductus (vans) deferens | reproductive glands

Question 44

What are the three reproductive glands of the male pelvic viscera

Answer 44

seminal vesicles prostate gland bulbourethral (Cowper's) gland

Question 45

This joins the vas deferens forming the ejaculatory ducts, emptying into prostatic urethra

Answer 45

seminal vesicles

Question 46

This is a walnut sized gland between the bladder and UG diaphragm

Answer 46

prostate gland

Question 47

These are 2 pea sized glands within UG diaphragm, emptying into penile urethra

Answer 47

bulborethral (Cowper's) glands

Question 48

What are the three external organs and structures of the male pelvic viscera

Answer 48

penis testes spermatic cord

Question 49

This is the primary male reproductive organ housed in the scrotum

Answer 49

testes

Question 50

This is located in the fascial sheath derived from anterior abdominal wall, from inguinal canal into scrotum, surrounds ductus deferens, and testicular vessels and nerves

Answer 50

spermatic cord

Question 51

These are the primary female reproductive organs, which produce an ova and female hormones, encapsulated in the true pelvis

Answer 51

ovaries

Question 52

This is a muscular tube for the transport of ovum to uterus

Answer 52

Uterine (fallopian) tubes

Question 53

The fallopian tubes are made up of what 4 parts and span from where to where

Answer 53

4 parts; fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus | from peritoneal cavity to uterus

Question 54

This is roughly 7cm long, usually anteverted and at a right angle to the vaginal canal

Answer 54

uterus

Question 55

True or False | The uterus can enlarge up to 20x during pregnancy and changes position during that and a full bladder

Answer 55

True

Question 56

This is the inferior neck of uterus protruding into vaginal canal

Answer 56

uterine cervix

Question 57

Where the does uterine cervix open to

Answer 57

opens to vagina as external os | opens to uterus as internal os

Question 58

True or False | The mucosal membranes are not continuo from the external environment to the peritoneal cavity

Answer 58

False; they are continuous via the uterus, etc.

Question 59

This is a circular gutter surrounding the cervix, deeper posterior than anterior

Answer 59

vaginal fornix

Question 60

What are the uterine ligaments

Answer 60

suspensory broad ovarian round ligament of the uterus

Question 61

Which uterine ligament is made up of peritoneum covering ovarian vessels and nerves

Answer 61

suspensory

Question 62

Which uterine ligament is made up of peritoneum covering the uterus and adnexa

Answer 62

broad

Question 63

Which uterine ligament anchors the ovary to the uterus

Answer 63

ovarian

Question 64

Which uterine ligament is a continuation of the ovarian ligament which passes through the inguinal canal to fuse with labia majora

Answer 64

round