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Boards pt1 > Endocrinology > Flashcards

Endocrinology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the anterior portion of the pituitary called

A

adenohypophysis

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2
Q

where does the adenohypophysis arise from

A

rathke’s pouch

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3
Q

what is the connection between the adenohypophysis to the hypothalamus

A

hypophysial portal system

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4
Q

location of pituitary gland

A

sella turcica

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5
Q

what hormones are from the adenohypophysis

A
  1. GH aka somatotropin
  2. TSH aka thyrotrophic SH
  3. prolactin aka luteotrophic
  4. FSH
  5. LH
  6. ACTH
  7. MSH
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6
Q

what is the posterior portion

A

neurohypophysis

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7
Q

neurohypophysis arises from

A

neural ectoderm

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8
Q

what is the connection between the neurohypophysis to the hypothalamus

A

infundibulum

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9
Q

hormones of neurohypophysis

A
  1. vasopressin (ADH)
  2. oxytocin
  3. ADH
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10
Q

what does ADH do

A

controls water balance (retention/excretion)

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11
Q

deficiency in ADH is due to

A

diabetes insipidus

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12
Q

what does oxytocin do

A

milk let down; contracts uterus; stimulated by suckling

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13
Q

what are the perifpheral orangs

A

pancreas, parathyroid, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla

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14
Q

function of pancreas

A

regulates blood sugar

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15
Q

what hormones are from pancreas

A

insulin from beta cells

glucagon from alpha cells

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16
Q

where do pancreas hormones go

A

insulin: many
glucagon: liver

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17
Q

function of parathyroid, vitamin d, thyroid

A

regulate blood calcium within bone

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18
Q

parathyroid hormones

A

parathormone

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19
Q

thyroid hormones

A

calcitonin, T3, T4

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20
Q

where is calcitonin secreted from

A

parafollicular cells

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21
Q

where is T3, T4 secreted from

A

follicular cells

22
Q

what is the effect of parathormone

A

increase blood ca2+ and decrease phosphorus

23
Q

what is the effect of calcitonin

A

decrease blood ca2+ and increase phosphorus

24
Q

what is the effect of T3 and T4

A

upregulate metabolism

25
Q

adrenal cortex components

A

zona glomerulosa
zona fasciculata
zona reticularis

26
Q

function of zona glomerulosa

A

regulates salt balance

27
Q

hormones from zona glomerulosa

A

mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)

28
Q

mineralocorticoids target

A

kidney

29
Q

effect of mineralocorticoids

A

reabsorb na+ and secrete k+ (salt)

30
Q

hormones from zona fasciculata

A

glucocorticoids (cortisol)

31
Q

glucocorticoids target

A

many organs

32
Q

glucocorticoids effect

A

increase blood glucose (sweet)

33
Q

zona reticularis hormones

A

androgens (testosterone)

34
Q

androgen target

A

hair follicles

35
Q

androgen effect

A

hair growth (sex)

36
Q

adrenal medulla function

A

fight or flight

37
Q

adrenal medulla hormones

A

epi/norepi

38
Q

chromaffin cells secrete what and arise from

A

epi/norepi

neural crest

39
Q

epi/norepi target

A

many organs

40
Q

epinephrine effect

A

vasoconstriction –> pallor

increase heart rate, bp

41
Q

norepinephrine effect

A

increase blood glucose

42
Q

growth of somatic cells are due to which hormone

A

growth hormone

43
Q

what produces thyroid hormones

A

tsh

44
Q

what hormone is for milk production

A

prolactin

45
Q

what hormone matures the egg and controls spermatogenesis

A

fsh

46
Q

what hormone stimulates ovulation

A

lh

47
Q

what hormone causes testosterone release from leydig cells

A

lh

48
Q

what hormone causes secretion and synthesis of glucocorticoids

A

acth

49
Q

what hormone is associated with the skin

A

msh

50
Q

where is erythropoietin produced

A

kidney

Boards pt1 (28 decks)

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