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Rezi FC > Dermato > Flashcards

Dermato Flashcards

1
Q

I/E celulita

A

Febra
Frisoane
Mialgii
Semne inflamatorii
* Eritem
* Edem
* Durere locala
* Caldura locala
+/- usoara descuamare

Toate sunt prezente in apropierea portii de intrare

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2
Q

Factori de risc celulita

A

Droguri i.v
Imunosupresie, DZ
Leziuni cutanate cu rol de poarta de intrare - ulcer cutanat, traumatism, operatie
APP de celulita
Insuficienta venoasa
Insuficienta limfatica

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3
Q

Tratament celulita

A

CFS oral/BL rezistente la penicilinaza = 10-14 zile
AB i.v = cazuri severe/bacterieme
Supuratii si/sau risc de infectie cu MRSA = cotrimoxazol/linezolid sau vanco i.v (evolutie severa)

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4
Q

Complicatii celulita

A

Recurenta = 20-50%
Abces
Fasceita necrozanta
Sepsis

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5
Q

I/E abcese cutanate

A

Semne inflamatorii
* Eritem
* Edem
* Sensibilitate la palpare
* Durere locala - ameliorata de evacuare

Fluctuenta centrala

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6
Q

Tratament abcese cutanate

A

Incizie
Drenaj
AB - cotrimoxazol (acopera MRSA)

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7
Q

Complicatii abcese cutanate

A

Sepsis
Tromboza de sinus cavernos (abcesul facial)

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8
Q

I/E fasceita necrozanta

A

Semne inflamatorii
* Edem
* Eritem
* Caldura locala
* Durere - intensa, disproportionata fata de semnele examenului obiectiv

Pierderea sensibilitatii in tesutul afectat
Crepitatii la nivelul tegumentului afectat
Bule
Culoare violacee
Progresie rapida

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9
Q

Tratament fasceita necrozanta

A

Debridare rapida
Incizie + drenaj
AB i.v cu spectru larg

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10
Q

I/E gangrena

A

Infectie cutanata in antecedente/plaga penetranta
Durere locala severa
Crepitatii cutanate
Piele cu miros putred
Febra
hTA

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11
Q

Cauze frecvente de dermatita alergica

A

Nichel
Sapunuri
Latex
Plante - iedera otravitoare, stejar otravitor

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12
Q

Tratament reactii de HS cutanate

A

Evitare cauza
Cazuri usoare - CS topici, antihistaminice
Cazuri mai severe - CS orali
Cazuri severe cu angioedem si/sau anafilaxie - epinefrina

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13
Q

I/E eritem polimorf

A

Stare generala alterata
Mialgii
Prurit
Macule/placi/vezicule pe extremitati (mai ales palmoplantar)
Leziuni in tinta - centru eritematos inconjurat de un inel interior palid si un inel exterior eritematos

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14
Q

Medicamente care se asociaza frecvent cu eritemul polimorf

A

Peniciline
Sulfamide
AINS
Contraceptive orale
Antiepileptice

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15
Q

I/E SSJ

A

Prodrom = stare generala alterata, mialgii, febra
Eruptie polimorfa
* Macule
* Leziuni in tinta
* Eritem
* Bule
* Exfolierea pielii

Nikolsky +

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16
Q

Laborator NET

A

Leucopenie
Anemie (scadere Hb, Hct)
Transaminaze crescute

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17
Q

Tratament dermatita seboreica

A

N.n - emoliente
Afectare scalp - sampon cu ketoconazol/Se
Afectarea altor regiuni - corticosteroizi topici, antifungice

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18
Q

I/E dermatita seboreica

A

Placi eritematoase
Scuame galbene, grasoase
Prurit

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19
Q

Factori de risc eczema

A

Astm
Rinita alergica
Istoric familial (AHC+)

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20
Q

I/E eczema

A

Placi eritematoase
Xeroza cutanata
+/- vezicule
Prurit
Localizare
* Suprafetele de flexie
* Fata dorsala a mainilor si picioarelor
* Torace anterior si posterior
* Fata
La nn - mai frecvent pe fata, scalp

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21
Q

I/E psoriazis

A

Placi eritematoase bine delimitate
Scuame argintii - sangereaza usor la indepartarea scuamei (semn Auspitz)
Pe suprafetele de extensie
Desprinderea lamei unghiale de patul unghial (onicoliza)
+/- prurit
+/- mici pustule
+/- pitting unghial

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22
Q

I/E pitiriasis rosea

A

Placa heraldica (unica, rotunda, < 5 cm) cu cateva zile inainte de eruptie
Papule eritematoase, ovale, acoperite de scuama alba
Prurit
Localizare - torace (A + P), extremitati

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23
Q

Tratament psoriazis

A

Emolienti
CS topici

Boala severa
* Fototerapie
* MTX
* CSP

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24
Q

Tratament eczema

A

Evitare factori agravanti
Emolienti
CS topici
Cazuri severe - CS orali, antihistaminice

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25
Q

Tratament pitiriasis rosea

A

Autolimitat

CS topici
Antihistaminice

26
Q

Tratament eritem nodos

A

Autolimitat

AINS
KI (iodura de potasiu)

27
Q

I/E pemfigus vulgar

A

Bule dureroase, fragile
Se rup usor => eroziuni
Nikolsky +
Localizare
* Orofaringe
* Torace
* Fata
* Perineu
! Apare pe tegument sanatos

28
Q

Tratament pemfigus vulgar

A

CS
AZT
CFS

29
Q

I/E pemfigoid bulos

A

Bule in tensiune, diseminate
Prurit
Bulele se sparg => eroziuni
Nikolsky -
Localizare
* Suprafete flexoare
* Perineu
! Apare pe un fond eritematos

30
Q

Tratament pemfigoid bulos

A

CS orali/topici
AZT

31
Q

Factori de risc PCT

A

Alcool
Fumat
Hepatita C
Supraincarcare cu Fe
Tratamente cu estrogeni

32
Q

I/E PCT

A

Leziuni buloase cronice, nedureroase
Hiperpigmentare cutanata
Hipertricoza
Bulele rupte se vindeca greu, lasa cicatrici
Localizari - zonele fotoexpuse - mai ales
* Fata
* Urechi
* Gat
* Antebrate
* Fata dorsala a mainilor
* Picioare

33
Q

Laborator PCT

A

Transaminaze crescute
Porfirina plasmatica crescuta (uroporfirina)
Porfirine urinare crescute
Uroporfirinogen-decarboxilaza hepatica scazuta

34
Q

Tratament PCT

A

Flebotomie
Clorochina/hidroxiclorochina
Creme cu protectie solara (SPF)
Evitare factori declansatori

35
Q

Factori declansatori PCT

A

Fotoexpunere
Alcool
Fumat
Suplimente cu Fe
Estrogeni

36
Q

Tratament eritem polimorf

A

Autolimitat
Eliminare cauza
CS
Analgezice

37
Q

Tratament keratoza actinica

A

5FU topic
Imiquimod
Crioterapie

38
Q

I/E CSC

A

Placa eritematoasa nedureroasa
Acoperita de scuame
Poate avea baza eritematoasa
Pot sangera/ulcera
Pot deveni dureroase

Pe zonele fotoexpuse

39
Q

Factori de risc CSC

A

Fotoexpunere - mai ales UVB
Keratoza actinica
Ten deschis la culoare
Rani cronice
Cicatrici

40
Q

Tratament CSC

A

Excizie chirurgicala
Excizie Mohs - pentru leziuni de la nivelul fetei
RTx - tumori mari

41
Q

I/E CBC

A

Papula perlata
Vascularizatie fina in suprafata (telangiectazii)
Ulceratie centrala

42
Q

Tratament CBC

A

Excizie Mohs
RTx
Crioterapie

43
Q

Factori de risc melanom

A

Fotoexpunere
Ten deschis la culoare
Numar mare de nevi
AHC+

44
Q

I/E melanom

A

Leziune pigmentara
Nedureroasa
Modificari recente de aspect
Margini neregulate
Culori multiple
Pot fi mari/in crestere rapida

45
Q

Aspect nevi melanocitari

A

Simetrici
Margini regulate
Colorati omogen
Pastreaza relativ aceleasi dimensiuni in timp

46
Q

Tratament melanom

A

Excizie chirurgicala cu margine de siguranta
* 0.5 cm - melanom in situ
* 1 cm - melanom < 2 mm grosime
* 2 cm - melanom > 2 mm grosime

+/- disectie ganglionara
CTx, RTx - metastaze

47
Q

Scopurile evaluarii preoperatorii in reconstructia genitourinara sau in interventiile de schimbare a sexului

A

Determinarea sexului adevarat al pacientului
Posibile cauze genetice
Rezultate realiste
Probleme psihiatrice

48
Q

Tratament gangrena

A

Incizie + drenaj
Debridare
AB

49
Q

I/E impetigo

A

Eritem
Prurit facial
Vezicule
Cruste melicerice (galbui-aurii de culoarea mierii)
In jurul orificiilor (suprafetelor muco-cutanate)

50
Q

Tratament impetigo

A

AB topice - mupirocin
AB orale (evolutie severa/epidemii) - doxiciclina, cefalexina

51
Q

Locuri donatoare uzuale grefa de PLD

A

Abdomen
Coapse
Fese

52
Q

Locuri donatoare uzuale pentru grefa de piele toata grosimea

A

Deasupra urechilor (pentru fata)
Antebrat
Zona inghinala

53
Q

Locuri donatoare uzuale pentru grefa compozita

A

Deget
Ureche

54
Q

Locuri donatoare uzuale pentru lamboul fascio-cutanat

A

Frunte
Regiune deltopectorala
Zona inghinala
Coapse

55
Q

Locuri donatoare uzuale pentru lamboul muscular

A

Latissimus dorsi
Dreptii abdominali
Fesieri
Tensorul fasciei lata
Croitor

56
Q

Indicatii lambou muscular

A

Zone ce necesita un tesut bine vascularizat
Tesuturi profunde expuse
Leziuni grave prin radiatii

57
Q

Tratament acnee

A

Retinoizi topici - prima linie
AB (orale/topice) - de a doua linie (cu retinoid, nu singure)
Benzoil-peroxid topic - de a doua linie (cu retinoid/cu retinoid si AB)
Contraceptive orale - forme refractare la femei
Isotretinoin oral (analog de vit A - sotret, roaccutane) - cazuri severe
Sapunuri - efect redus

58
Q

I/E infectie HSV

A

Vezicule mici, dureroase
Perioral (HSV-1) sau genital (HSV-2)
Dureaza mai multe zile
Primoinfectia - simptomatologie mai severa, manifestari generale asemanatoare gripei

59
Q

Complicatii infectie HSV la imunodeprimati

A

Encefalita herpetica
Hepatita
Pneumonie

60
Q

I/E verruca vulgaris

A

Leziuni bine delimitate
Epiteliu ingrosat
Pot fi plane (veruci plantare)/elevate
+/- durere la palpare

61
Q

Tratament scabie

A

Permetrina topic (crema)
Ivermectina oral
Difenhidramina/alte antihistaminice (pentru prurit)
Hainele, prosoapele, lenjeria de pat - spalate in apa fierbinte

62
Q

Factori predispozanti micoze cutanate

A

Mediu cald
Umiditate crescuta
Consum recent de AB
Obezitate
DZ

Rezi FC (29 decks)

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