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IMMUNE 1 LEC > DENGUE > Flashcards

DENGUE Flashcards

1
Q

DENGUE Family (same as Hep C)

A

Flaviviridae

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2
Q

DENGUE Structure

A

Envelope RNA virus

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3
Q

DENGUE Serotypes

A

4 sero types (DENV-1,2,3,4)

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4
Q

DENGUE Geographic distribution

A

Tropical and sub tropical countries

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5
Q

DENGUE Vector

A

Aedes aegypti

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6
Q

DENGUE MOT

A

Via vector

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7
Q

EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) Family

A

Herpesviridae

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8
Q

EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) Structure

A

Double stranded DNA

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9
Q

EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) MOT

A

Saliva, blood transfusion, transplacental

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10
Q

Gold standard for dengue

A

Viral Isolation

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11
Q

• 6-10 days to replicate viral cell culture

A

Viral Isolation

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12
Q

• Molecular detection of dengue genomic RNA; Testing of ribonucleic acid

A

RT-PCR

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13
Q

• NS1 is a highly conserved glycoprotein for virus viability

A

Dengue NS1

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14
Q

• Detects acute phase infection

A

Dengue NS1

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15
Q

First to become (+) prior to IgM as long as infected

A

Dengue NS1

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16
Q

• First detectable IgM only appears 4- 5 days

A

IgM-capture ELISA (MACELISA)

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17
Q

• Diagnosis of acute infection

A

IgM-capture ELISA (MACELISA)

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18
Q

IgM-capture ELISA (MACELISA) Presence of line in IgG only indicates

A

chronic infection or recovery

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19
Q

• SD BIOLINE Dengue Duo

A

Rapid test combo kit

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20
Q

• Detects Dengue NS1 Ag and IgG/IgM in a single test

A

Rapid test combo kit

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21
Q

: High viral load but declines at day 5

A

Acute Illness

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22
Q

• As the viral load decreases, the antibodies [?]

A

increase

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23
Q

• First increase [?]

A

IgM

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24
Q

→ past dengue infection

A

• IgG persists

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25
→ already high in acute illness
• NS1 Ag
26
DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS FOR DENGUE Acute illness:[?] 6 to 14 days: [?]
NS1 IgM followed by IgG
27
EBV DISEASES
1. Infectious mononucleosis (IM) 2. Other disease • Burkitt’s lymphoma • Nasopharyngeal CA • Neoplasms of thymuns, parotid gland (salivary gland) and larynx
28
• Kissing disease
Infectious mononucleosis (IM)
29
• Young adults affects the mononuclear phagocyte system
Infectious mononucleosis (IM)
30
• Signs and symptoms: Fever, malaise, lethargy, sorethroat, and enlarged lymph nodes
Infectious mononucleosis (IM)
31
Same as HIV
Infectious mononucleosis (IM)
32
EBV Primary target cells
B cells
33
EBV Hallmark
Downey cells
34
Entry gained following attachement to the complement receptor 2 (CR2)
B cells
35
Virus infected B cells which has T cells characteristics
Downey cells
36
Enlarged lymphocytes with atypical nuclei
Downey cells
37
Specific EBV antigens
1. Viral capsid antigens (VCA) 2. EBV nuclear protein (EBNA) 3. Early antigen (EA)
38
Found in patients with acute phase IM
1. Viral capsid antigens (VCA)
39
Found in cases of IM but they disappear early after recovery
Early antigen (EA)
40
Early antigen (EA) Diagnostic procedure:
EA-Diffuse EA-Restricted
41
EA-Diffuse:
Nucleus and Cytoplasm of B cells
42
EA-Restricted:
Cytoplasm only of B cells
43
SEROLOGIC TESTS FOR EBV
• Most specific: EBV DNA PCR • Heterophile antibody tests • EBV specific serology
44
Heterophile antibody tests Ex
1. Monospot 2. Paul Bunnel test 3. Davidsohn Differential
45
Detects the presence of IgM and IgG
• EBV specific serology
46
• EBV specific serology types
1. EBV VCA IgM and EBV VCA IgG 2. EBNA IgG
47
Principle: Direct immune agglutination
Monospot test
48
Reagent: Horse RBCs agglutinate with the heterophile Ab present in EBV
Monospot test
49
• Principle: Direct immune agglutination
Paul-Bunnel test
50
• Reagent: Sheep RBCs agglutinate with the heterophile Ab
Paul-Bunnel test
51
• Titer of 1:56 is positive presumption test of IM
Paul-Bunnel test
52
• Principle: Absorption test
Davidsohn Differential Test
53
Davidsohn Differential Test Reagent: Unknown:
Reagent: Sheep RBCs Unknown: Serum (heterophile Abs)
54
Davidsohn Differential Test 1. Perform [?] 2. Allow to be absorbed by [?] 3. Distinguish whether [?] based whether the agglutinins were absorbed.
Paul Bunnel test (Serum +Sheep RBC = heterophile sheep agglutinins) guinea pig kidney cells and beef erythrocytes Forssman Ag (Guinea pig kidney), serum sickness and IM
55
Absorbed by Guinea pig Kidney cells
FORSSMAN SERUM SICKNESS
56
Absorbed by Beef (Ox) Erythrocytes
IM SERUM SICKNESS
57
Mnenomic: GF BI SS (GirlFriend Believes In Safe Sex)
58
• G- guinea pig (+) →
Forssman
59
• B- beef erythrocyte (+) →
IM
60
• SS-serum sickness (
both +)
61
Not a virus, but an acute phase reactant; rises in inflammation
C-REACTIVE PROTEIN
62
Abnormal Protein that appears in the acute stages of various
C-REACTIVE PROTEIN
63
Non-specific indicator of the ff. disorders:
Bacterial infections Acute rheumatic fever Malignant diseases Viral infections TB MI Burn
64
CRP Name is derived from the formation of precipitate when reacted with
somatic C polysaccharide of pneumococcus
65
CRP Electrophoretic mobility:
gamma region
66
CRP Synthesized:
Liver
67
CRP Thermolabile :
70C for 30 minutes
68
Rapid slide test Principle:
reverse passive agglutination
69
Rapid slide test Unknown: Reagent:
Unknown: Antigen (CRP) Reagent: Anti-CRP Antibody
70
Rapid slide test (+) Result:
Agglutination (presence of CRP)
71
Patient Serum (Ag) is mixed with latex particles coated with anti-CRP antibody
Rapid slide test
72
CRP Serologic Assay
Rapid slide test
73
Advantage of CRP Assay More sensitive indicator inflammatory process than:
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) WBC count
74
Disadvantage of CRP Assay
Non-specific (positive for ALL inflammatory diseases) Lack of correlation between positivity of the test and severity

IMMUNE 1 LEC (28 decks)

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