CHAPTER III - MHC & CYTOKINES Flashcards
– discovered how to fuse lymphocytes to produce a cell line that is both immortal and a producer of specific antibodies
Georges Kohler and Cesar Milstein (1975)
- Purified antibodies cloned from a single cell.
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- Exhibit purity and specificity
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- Able to recognize and bind to a specific antigen
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- Used in-vitro diagnostic testing
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- Immunoglobulins derived from a single clone of cells
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- Process of producing Mab’s takes 3 to 6 months.
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
Used to treat various types of cancers
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- metastatic breast cancer
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
- an antibody directed against HER-2/neu
protein
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
-present in large numbers on tumor cells
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
- has been helpful in slowing the disease’s progress
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
- non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Rituximab (Rituxan)
- approved by the FDA
Cetuximab (Erbitux)
- colorectal cancer
Cetuximab (Erbitux)
- head and neck cancers
Cetuximab (Erbitux)
- approved by the FDA
Beva-cizumab (Avastin)
- lorectal, non-small lung, and breast cancers
Beva-cizumab (Avastin)
- Identifying and quantifying hormones
USES OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- Typing tissue and blood and delivering immunotherapy
USES OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- Identifying infectious agents
USES OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- Identifying clusters of differentiation for the classification of leukemias and lymphomas and follow-up therapy
USES OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
- Identifying tumor antigens and autoantibodies
USES OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
First named as “?” by a French scientist named Dausset
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)