Conquest of the West Flashcards
1
Q
Taos Indian Rebellion
A
- Page 442 Brinkley
- Occurred in 1842; A rebellion of the Taos Indians, were they killed Anglo-American Officials in response to new territorial government (established by General Stephen Kearny) in the aftermath of the Mexican war: Where the U.S acquired the title to New Mexico that excluded the established Mexican Ruling class.
2
Q
“Territorial Rings”
A
- Page 442 Brinkley
- Circles of local business people and politicians that with access to federal money who worked together to make the territorial government profitable.
- In the 1870’s Territorial Rings in Santa Fe used their authority to take two million acres from the original Mexican residents.
3
Q
“Coolies”
A
- Page 443, Brinkley
- Migrants that had a similar social status to undentured servants and was close to slavery.
- In the 1800’s a great wave of “coolies” migrated to the united States many of them were Chinese.
4
Q
“Foreign Miners” tax
A
- Page 443 & 444, Brinkley
- Enacted in 1852
- California legislature that was an attempt to exclude Chinese from gold mining.
- The tax was relatively successful many Chinese moved out of mining and worked on railroads or became workers for miners that were financed from corporations in the East.
5
Q
“Chinatowns”
A
- Page 445, Brinkley
- Chinese communities that revolved around powerful organizations. The organizations were usually formed by people from the same clan or community in China.
6
Q
Six Companies
A
- Page 445, Brinkley
- The Leading merchants’ organizations specifically in San Francisco’s Chinatown. In general these organizations formed/became employment brokers, unions, defenders of the community and dispensers of social services.
7
Q
“Tongs” and “Tong Wars”
A
- Page 445 & 446
- Tongs: Secret Societie, some were violent and criminal organizations that delt withthe opium trade and prostitution.
- Tong wars: Violent conflicts between rival tongs.
8
Q
Anti-Coolies Clubs
A
- Page 445, Brinkley
- Emerged in the 1860’s and 1870’s. The clubs sought a ban on Chinese labor. Some Clubs persecuted Chinese: attacked them or set fire to factories where they worked.
9
Q
Denis Kearney / Workingman’s Party
A
- Page 445, Brinkley
- Denis Kearney, an irish immigrant, he created the Workingmen’s Party in 1878.
- The workingmen’s party gained significant political power in California. The party was hostile toward the Chinese. The party was a major force in encouraging anti-Chinese sentiments and racial arguments in the 1880’s.
10
Q
Chinese Exclusion Act
A
- Page 446, Brinkley
- Passed in 1882 by congress as a response to politial pressure and violence. The Act banned Chinese immigration to the United States for a period of ten years and blocked Chinese already in the united states from becoming naturalized citizens.
11
Q
Homestead Act
A
- Page 446, Brinkley
- Passed in 1862. It was an attempt at encouraging settlement. it permitted settlers to buy plots of land for a small fee (160 acres) if they occupied it for five years.
- It was intended to be a progressive measure, a form of government relief that would give land to people.
12
Q
Timber Culture Act
A
- Page 447, Brinkley
- Passed in 1873 by Congress. It was a change to the Homestead Act. It gave people 160 more acres than allowed in the Homestead act if they planted trees in 40 acres of them.
13
Q
The Desert Land Act
A
- Page 447, Brinkley
- Change to the Homestead Act in addition to The Timber Culture Act. Passed in 1877 it allowed claimants to buy 640 acres of land at 1.25$ an acre if they irrigated part of their holidngs within three years.
14
Q
Timber and Stone Act
A
- Page 447, Brinkley
- Authorized sale of narable land at 2.50$ an acre.
15
Q
Pike’s Peak
A
- Page 448, Brinkley
- In 1858 gold was discovered at Pike’s peak. The city blossomes due to an increase in prospeectors.
16
Q
Comstock Lode
A
- Page 449, Brinkley
- Ore was Discoverd in 1858. Prospectrs from Califronia moved in and started a settlement dependent on Calilfornia for resources. After the ore was depleted the prspectors sold their claims to Eastern Capitalists.
17
Q
Black HIlls
A
- Page 449, Brinkley
- Gold was found at Black Hills in 1874. Prospectors swarmned there, large corperations took over the miners after.
18
Q
“Bonanza Kings”
A
- Page 449, Brinkley
- Miners that became wealthy: they usually came from modest Backrounds.
- a significant comparison to industrial tycoons. who were from wealthy backrounds.
19
Q
“Open range”
A
- ,Page 450, Brinkley
- Name for the open area were cattle could be raised and cattle could feed free of charge.
20
Q
Sedalia Missouri
A
- Page 451, Brinkley
- In 1866 ranchers drove thier cattle to Sedalia Missouri. Demonstrated a way to move cattle to new markets.
21
Q
“long drive”
A
- Page 451, Brinkley
- Movement of cattle to maerkets; was a link between cattle breeding and urban markets.
22
Q
Abilene, Kansas
A
- Page 451, Brinkley
- Part of the Cattle KIngdom. Many market facilities we established in Abilene, it was the market for cattle driven. It had its downfall during agricultural development when open range was lost.
23
Q
Chisholm Trail
A
- Page 451, Brinkley
- A trail to the Cattle Kingdom to Abilene. Ranchers had to create new trails due to the agricultural development of Abilene.
24
Q
“Texas fever”
A
- Page 452, Brinkley
- A disease transmitted by cattle
- The disease may kill an entire herd.
25
Q
“nesters”
A
- Page 452, Brinkley
- farmers from the east
- Caused the range wars when they threw fences around their claims and blocked trails.
26
Q
“range wars”
A
- Page 452, Brinkley
- Wars between sheepmen. cattlemen, ranchers and farmers that were competeing for grass and claims.
