Chapter 8: Pathogens Flashcards
How do bacteria differ from eukaryotic cells?
1) No nuclei
2) DNA is in a circular arrangement
3) No organelles
4) Ribosomes are free in the cell
5) No glycosylation
6) Have one or more plasmids containing other genes including perhaps ones that confer antibiotic resistance)
True or false: Plasmids containing genes that confer antibiotic resistance can be passed on to other bacteria.
True
What are the 4 characteristics used to classify bacteria?
1) Shape and arrangement
2) Gram stain reaction
3) Biochemical and growth properties
4) Antigenic structure on cell and flagella
True or false: Anthrax (Bacillus) can produce spores in adverse conditions and germinate when conditions improve.
True
What color do Gram + bacteria stain? Why?
Purple; they have a thick outer peptidoglycan layer
What color do Gram - bacteria stain? Why?
Red (lose purple); only have a thin peptidoglycan layer
What are two examples of Gram + cocci?
Staphylococci (skin and wound infections and Streptococci (Strep, nectrotizing fasciitis)
What is an example of Gram - cocci?
1) Neisseria (gonorrhea and meningitis)
What are three examples of Gram + bacilli?
1) Listeria (food poisoning)
2) Clostridia (tetanus, botulism, colitis, gas gangrene)
3) Bacillus (anthrax)
What are two examples of Gram - bacilli?
1) Yersinia (plague)
2) E. Coli, Salmonella, or Campylobactor (food poisoning)
Can adjust to having or doing without O2.
facultative
Must be under anaerobic conditions to survive.
obligate anaerobe
Agent that kills bacteria.
bacteriocidal
Agent that stops bacteria from reproducing
bacteriostatic
Grow only on enriched media at a specific temperature and pH.
Fastidius
