Chapter 1: General Concepts of Disease

Question 1

Study of disease and changes in body strucure/function because of disease

Answer 1

Pathology

Question 2

Study of disease and changes in body strucure/function because of disease

Answer 2

Pathologist

Question 3

Physician/health care professional that cares for patients

Answer 3

Clinician

Question 4

Any structural abnormality or pathologic change in organs or tissues

Answer 4

Lesions

Question 5

Study of disease organ with the naked eye.

Answer 5

Gross examination

Question 6

Study of disease using a microscope to examine tissue.

Answer 6

Histologic examination

Question 7

Classification of disease that is associated with structural changes or lesions. This type of disease is studied through gross examination and/or histologic examination.

Answer 7

Organic Disease

Question 8

Classification of a disease in which body functions are profoundly disturbed despite no associated morphological abnormalities.

Answer 8

Functional disease

Question 9

Subjective complaints by the patient.

Answer 9

Symptoms

Question 10

Objective or physical findings; direct observations by the examiner, such as swelling, redness, or test results.

Answer 10

Signs

Question 11

A characteristic group of symptoms and signs that accompany a disease or are known to frequently occur together but without a known cause; may arise from different diseases

Answer 11

Syndrome

Question 12

Cause of a disease

Answer 12

Etiology

Question 13

Progression or process of development of a disease

Answer 13

Pathogenesis

Question 14

Agent responsible for causing disease

Answer 14

Etiologic agent

Question 15

Any microorganism that causes disease

Answer 15

Pathogen

Question 16

A disease of unknown etiologyor cause

Answer 16

Idiopathic

Question 17

A disease that results from the adverse effects of treatment (drugs, surgery, etc.)

Answer 17

Iatrogenic

Question 18

A disease acquired while in a hospital or medical facility

Answer 18

Nosocomial

Question 19

Unrecognized, hidden (e.g., fecal blood)

Answer 19

Occult

Question 20

Injury caused by a physical extrinsic agent

Answer 20

Trauma

Question 21

Range of occurrence and tendency to affect certain groups of people more than others

Answer 21

Incidence

Question 22

Proportion of people who havea specific disease in a given population per unit of time

Answer 22

Morbidity rate

Question 23

% of population that diesfrom a given disease in a period of time

Answer 23

Mortality rate

Question 24

Disease of short duration, usually relatively severe

Answer 24

Acute disease

Question 25

Disease that is often less severe, but continuous or recurring for long periods

Answer 25

Chronic

Question 26

The study of the transmission, frequency of occurrence, distribution and control of a disease

Answer 26

Epidemiology

Question 27

Disease that is readily transmitted fromperson-to-person

Answer 27

Contagious

Question 28

Disease that can spread to a person in various ways (from another person, insect, animal, environmental source, etc.)

Answer 28

Communicable disease

Question 29

A condition that a person is born with; can either be inherited or arise during fetal development.

Answer 29

Congenital