Chapter 1: Health and Disease

Question 1

What is the definition of good health?

Answer 1

Condition in which mind and body function efficiently and harmoniously as an integrated unit

Question 2

Who proposed a timeline that measured the consequences of good and bad health habits in 30-minute slices (microlife units) of your life.

Answer 2

Dr. David Spiegelhalter

Question 3

What are the most important preventable causes of death in the U.S.?

Answer 3

1) Smoking
2) Prolonged sitting (low physical activity)
3) High blood pressure

Question 4

Agency responsible for protecting and improving the health of the American public both at home and abroad

Answer 4

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (part of the U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services)

Question 5

Coordinating authority on international public health

Answer 5

WHO (a part of the UN)

Question 6

European agency that functions like the U.S.’s CDC

Answer 6

European Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Question 7

What % of all adults in the U.S. have a chronic disease?

Answer 7

70%

Question 8

What % of Medicare spending is for persons with two or more chronic diseases?

Answer 8

> 90%

Question 9

What are the 4 requirements for effective screening?

Answer 9

1) Significant # of persons must be at risk.
2) Test should be inexpensive and non-invasive.
3) Test should be both specific and sensitive.
4) Early ID of disease should benefit the health and/or welfare of persons with the disease.

Question 10

Test with a low rate of false negatives.

Answer 10

Sensitive

Question 11

Test with a low rate of false positives.

Answer 11

Specific

Question 12

What three diseases have the three most costly healthcare expenses?

Answer 12

1) Diabetes
2) Heart disease
3) Back/neck pain

Question 13

What are the symptoms to never ignore?

Answer 13

1) Chest pain, arm numbness
2) Sudden Intense HA
3) Unexplained bleeding
4) Unexplained weight-loss
5) High or persistent fever
6) Shortness of breath
7) Unexplained pain (abd or other)
8) Persistent infection
9) Throbbing tooth, bleeding gums
10) Numbness in hands or feet.
11) Leg pain with swelling
12) Unusual gassiness or cramping
13) Persistent cough
14) Unusual fatigue
15) Unexpected discharge or secretion
16) Change in skin or mole size
17) Problems with vision, speech, or movement
18) Prolonged change in mental state