Chapter 2: Tissues

Question 1

4 major types of tissues

Answer 1

1) Epithelium
2) Connective
3) Muscle
4) Nerve

Question 2

Functional cells of an organ

Answer 2

Parenchymal cells or parenchyma

Question 3

How are epithelial cells characterized?

Answer 3

1) Shape (cuboidal, squamous, columnar)

2) Layers (simple/single or stratified)

Question 4

Which type of tissues lack blood vessels and are nourished by capillaries in the underlying connective tissue?

Answer 4

Epithelium

Question 5

Layer of simple squamous epithelium that lines heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels

Answer 5

Endothelium

Question 6

Layer of simple squamous epithelium that lines pleural, pericardial, peritoneal cavities

Answer 6

Mesothelium

Question 7

These epithelial glands discharge their secretions through a duct.

Answer 7

Exocrine glands

Question 8

What type of gland is the pancreas?

Answer 8

Both exocrine and endocrine

Question 9

What types of glands are sweat, salivary, oil, and tear glands?

Answer 9

Exocrine

Question 10

What type of epithelial glands discharge their secretions directly into the bloodstream?

Answer 10

Endocrine glands

Question 11

That types of glands are the thyroid and pituitary?

Answer 11

Endocrine

Question 12

What are the three types of connective tissue fibers?

Answer 12

1) Collagen
2) Elastic
3) Reticulin

Question 13

Which type of connective tissue fiber are long, flexible, and strong, do not stretch, and are made of collagen protein.

Answer 13

Collagen

Question 14

Which type of connective tissue fiber is responsible for the distensibility of arteries? It is not as strong as collagen.

Answer 14

Elastin

Question 15

Which type of connective tissue fiber forms the supporting framework of organs and is thin and delicate?

Answer 15

Reticulin

Question 16

What is the matrix in which fibers are embedded?

Answer 16

Ground substance

Question 17

What does the ground substance consist of?

Answer 17

Water bound to long, unbranched polysaccharides callsd glycosaminoglycans.

Question 18

What two things define the properties of connective tissues?

Answer 18

1) Types of GAGs (glycosaminoglycans)

2) Type of connective tissue fibers

Question 19

What type of tissue forms blood vessel walls and walls of the trachea and bronchi?

Answer 19

Reticular tissue

Question 20

What type of tissue contains numerous fat cells and gives padding and insulation?

Answer 20

Adipose tissue

Question 21

What type of tissue contains CaPO4 salts and Type 1 Collagen in its matrix?

Answer 21

Bone

Question 22

What type of tissue connects and supports parts of the body and can be loose (under skin or around organs) or dense (ligaments and tendons)?

Answer 22

Fibrous tissue

Question 23

What type of tissue forms a fine fiber mesh that forms the supporting framework for organs?

Answer 23

Reticular tissue

Question 24

What are the three types of cartilage?

Answer 24

1) Hyaline
2) Elastic
3) Fibrocartilage

Question 25

What is the most common type of cartilage that contains fine collagen fibers in a matrix, covers the end of movable joints, connects the ribs to the sternum, and forms the larynx and trachea?

Answer 25

Hyaline

Question 26

What type of cartilage contains yellow elastic fibers in matrix, is flexible, and forms the ear cartilage?

Answer 26

Elastic cartilage

Question 27

What type of cartilage contains many dense cartilage bundles in a matrix and occurs where weight-bearing stresses the body (e.g., disks between vertebrae and knee cartilage)?

Answer 27

Fibrocartilage

Question 28

Why is hemapoietic tissue classified as connective tissue?

Answer 28

Because of its mesoderm origin

Question 29

Another name for blood-forming tissue. What type of tissue is it?

Answer 29

Hemopoietic tissue; connective tissue

Question 30

Lymphocyte-forming tissue

Answer 30

Lymphatic tissue

Question 31

Deepest layer of skin that contains loose connective tissue and lobules of fat.

Answer 31

Subcutaneous tissue

Question 32

Which type of tissue contains actin and myosin?

Answer 32

Muscle

Question 33

What are the three types of muscle fibers?

Answer 33

1) Smooth 2) Striated 3) Cardiac

Question 34

What two types of cells does nerve tissue contain?

Answer 34

1) Neurons | 2) Neuroglia

Question 35

What are the three types of neuroglia?

Answer 35

1) Astrocytes 2) Oligodendroglia (CNS) and Schwann cells (PNS) 3) Microglia

Question 36

True or false: Neurons are more numerous than neuroglia.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Long, star-shaped cells, numerous highly branched processes that form a meshwork and the structural framework of the CNS

Answer 37

Astrocytes

Question 38

Small cells, scanty cytoplasm, surround individual | nerve cells, produce myelin.

Answer 38

Oligodendroglia (CNS) or Schwann (PNS)

Question 39

Phagocytic neuroglial cells.

Answer 39

Microglia

Question 40

True or false: Axon fibers are insulated by myelin coating in gray matter.

Answer 40

False; only in white matter