Chapter 4.3 t/m 4.6 Flashcards
Circadian rhythm disorders
Disturbances of the sleep–wake cycle such as jet lag and shift work
Restless leg syndrome
Uncomfortable sensations in legs causing movement and loss of sleep
Somnambulism
Sitting, walking, or performing complex behavior while asleep
narcolepsy
sleep disorder in which a person falls immediately into REM sleep during the day without warning.
sleep apnea
disorder in which the person stops breathing for 10 seconds or more.
insomnia
the inability to get to sleep, stay asleep, or get a good quality of sleep.
sleepwalking (somnambulism)
occurring during deep sleep, an episode of moving around or walking around in one’s sleep.
night terrors
relatively rare disorder in which the person experiences extreme fear and screams or runs around during deep sleep without waking fully.
REM behavior disorder (RBD)
a rare disorder in which the mechanism that blocks the movement of the voluntary muscles fails, allowing the person to thrash around and even get up and act out nightmares.
nightmares
bad dreams occurring during REM sleep.
REM rebound
increased amounts of REM sleep after being deprived of REM sleep on earlier nights.
sleep paralysis
the inability of the voluntary muscles to move during REM sleep.
delta waves
long, slow brain waves that indicate the deepest stage of sleep.
theta waves
small waves that indicates you are asleep
alpha waves
brain waves that are a mix from Beta and Theta waves. indicate a state of relaxation.
beta waves
smaller and faster brain waves, typically indicating mental activity.
non-REM (N, NREM) sleep
Sleep stage N1,N2 and N3
rapid eye movement sleep (R, REM)
stage of sleep in which the eyes move rapidly under the eyelids and the per- son is typically experiencing a dream.
sleep deprivation
any significant loss of sleep, result- ing in problems in concentration and irritability.
restorative theory
theory of sleep proposing that sleep is necessary to the physical health of the body and serves to replenish chemicals and repair cellular damage.
adaptive theory
theory of sleep proposing that animals and humans evolved sleep patterns
to avoid predators by sleeping when predators are most active.
microsleeps
brief sidesteps into sleep lasting only a few seconds.
circadian rhythm
a cycle of bodily rhythm that occurs over a 24-hour period.
Enuresis
Urinating while asleep in bed
hypersomnia
Excessive daytime sleepiness
Kind of altered states of consciousness
Daydreaming, hypnotized, achieving a meditative, being under influence of certain drugs such as caffeine, tobacco, or alcohol
What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus
The internal clock that tells people when to wake up and when to fall asleep
How many hours of sleep is enough?
Most young people between 7-9, some 4-5 hours, some more than 9 hours.
By what is the sleep-wake cycle ultimately controlled?
Within the hypothalamus, that influences the glandular system
where does the release of melatonin find place?
suprachiasmatic nucleus
Sleep spindles
Brief burst of activity lasting only a second of 2. Theta waves are still in it, but if the person wakes up now, they realize they have slept.
