Chapter 12.5 t/m 12.9 Flashcards
social cognition
the mental processes that people use to make sense of the social world around them.
attitude
a tendency to respond positively or negatively toward a certain person, object, idea, or situation.
persuasion
the process by which one person
tries to change the belief, opinion, position, or course of action of another person through argument, pleading, or explanation.
elaboration likelihood model
model of persuasion stating that people will either elaborate on the persuasive message or fail to elaborate on it and that the future actions
of those who do elaborate are more predictable than those who do not.
The elaboration likelihood model explains how people can be persuaded to change their attitudes
central-route processing
type of information processing that involves attending to the content of the message itself.
A style of processing a persuasive message by a person who has both the ability and the motivation to think carefully about the message’s argument.
peripheral-route processing
type of information processing that involves attending to factors not involved in the message, such as the appearance of the source of the message, the length of the message, and other noncontent factors.
Peripheral route processing is a shortcut to making a judgement. Little or nothing is elaborated upon. When using the peripheral route, a person is influenced by how an argument makes them feel on first glance, based on factors other than deliberative elaboration and reasoning
cognitive dissonance
sense of discomfort or distress that occurs when a person’s behavior does not correspond to that person’s attitudes.
impression formation
the forming of the first knowledge that a person has concerning another person.
social categorization
the assignment of a person one
has just met to a category based on characteristics the new person has in common with other people with whom one has had experience in the past.
implicit personality theory
sets of assumptions about how different types of people, personality traits, and actions are related to each other.
attribution
the process of explaining one’s own behavior and the behavior of others.
attribution theory
the theory of how people make attributions.
situational cause
cause of behavior attributed to external factors, such as delays, the action of others, or some other aspect of the situation.
dispositional cause
cause of behavior attributed to internal factors such as personality or character.
fundamental attribution error
the tendency to overestimate
the influence of internal factors
in determining behavior while underestimating situational factors.
