15.10 t/m 15.12 Flashcards
psychopharmacology
the use of drugs to control or relieve the symptoms of psychological disorders.
antipsychotic drugs
drugs used to treat psychotic symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and other bizarre behavior.
antianxiety drugs
drugs used to treat and calm anxiety reactions, typically minor tranquilizers.
antidepressant
drugs used to treat depression and anxiety.
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
form of biomedical therapy to treat severe depression in which electrodes are placed on either one or both sides of a person’s head and an electric current is passed through the electrodes that is strong enough to cause a seizure or convulsion.
psychosurgery
surgery performed on brain tissue to relieve or control severe psychological disorders.
prefrontal lobotomy
psychosurgery in which the connections of the prefrontal cortex to other areas of the brain are severed.
bilateral anterior cingulotomy
psychosurgical technique in which
an electrode wire is inserted into the anterior cingulate gyrus, with the guidance of magnetic resonance imaging, to destroy a very small portion of that brain area with electric current.
Antipsychotic drugs can be classified into two categories, which two?
classical or typical antipsychotics and newer atypical antipsychotics
How does classical/ typical antipsychotics work?
It works by blocking certain dopamine receptors in the brain, namely the D2 receptors, thereby reducing the effect of dopamine in synaptic transmission.
Extrapyramidal symptons
Movement disorder similar to Parkinson disease.
Tardive dyskinesia
A syndrome caused by long-term treatment of typical antipsychotic medications. The person making facial and tongue movements and involuntary jerks or dance-like movements of the arms and legs
How does atypical antipsychotic work?
(Partially) blocks certain serotonin receptors, resulting in fewer negative side effects and occasionally some improvement in the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
