13.5+13.6

Question 1

habits

Answer 1

in behaviorism, sets of well-learned responses that have become automatic.

Question 2

social cognitive learning theorists

Answer 2

theorists who emphasize the importance of both the influences of other people’s behavior and of a person’s own expectancies on learning.

Question 3

social cognitive view

Answer 3

learning theory that includes cognitive processes such as anticipating, judging, memory, and imitation of models.

Question 4

reciprocal determinism

Answer 4

Bandura’s explanation of how the factors of environment, personal characteristics, and behavior can interact to determine future behavior

Question 5

self-efficacy

Answer 5

individual’s expectancy of how effective his or her efforts to accomplish a goal will be in any particular circumstance.

Question 6

locus of control

Answer 6

the tendency for people to assume that they either have control or do not have control over events and consequences in their lives.

Question 7

expectancy

Answer 7

a person’s subjective feeling that a particular behavior will lead to a reinforcing consequence.

Question 8

Reinforcement value

Answer 8

refers to an individual’s preference for a particular reinforcer over all other possible reinforcing consequences.