Chapter 27 - Reproductive Flashcards
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
biological perspective purpose of reproduction
perpetuate the species
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
somatic cells have how many chromosomes
46
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what are gametes
reproductive cells
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what is male gametes
sperm
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what is female gametes
egg
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
how many chromosomes in gametes
23 each
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what are the gametes contained in
gonads
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
maturation of sperm
spermatogenesis
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
maturation of egg
oogenesis
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what becomes an egg
oocyte
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what becomes a sperm
spermatozoa
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what is a fertilized egg
ovum
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
development of human baby chain
egg - ovum
zygote - morula
blastocyst - embryo
fetus - (birth)
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
house the sperm in
testes (gonads)
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
testes are in the
scrotum
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
male repo tract
testes - epididymus - ductus (vas) deferens - uretha
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
male accessory organs
seminal vesicle
prostate gland
bulbourehtral gland (Cowper’s gland)
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
another name for bulbourethral gland
cowper’s gland
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
_________ muscle pulls testes toward the body
cremaster
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
why does cremaster contract
temperature
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
sperm is produced within the lobules in the
semineferous tubules
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
_________ produce androgens - especially testerone
leydig cells (interstitial cells)
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
when do testosterone levels begin to decline
50-50 yrs old
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what is produced from spermatogenesis
spermatozoa
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
spermatogonia –}
daughter cells (mitosis)
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
primary spermatocytes –}
spermatids (meosis)
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
spermatids ———-}
spermatozoa
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what is immature sperm
spermatids
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what is mature sperm
spermatozoa
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
once matured to speratozoa it enters
lumen
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
The Sertoli Cells do the following:
produce fluid for semineforous tubules
produce inhibin
surround and enfold the spermatids
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
another name for sertoli cells
sustentacular cells
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what maintains blood-testes barrier
sertoli cell fluid
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what is contained in fluid of sertoli cells
high amount of hormones
K+, AAs
nutrients
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
inhibin leads to a decrease in
FSH
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
sertoli cells provide the spermatids
nutrients
chemical stimui
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
cell that only has 23 chromosomes
haploid
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
normal cell with 36 chromosomes
diploid
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
anatomy of sperm
head
neck
tail
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
sperm head contains
acrosomal cap
nucleus
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
sperm neck contains
centriole
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
sperm tail contains
flagellum
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
sperm maturation and storage takes place
epididymus
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
_________ is a duct from epididymus and ejaculatory duct
Vas deferens
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
the Vas defernes has an
ampulla
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
seminal vesicle functions
secrete semen
increase fructose
secrete prostaglandins
secrete fibrinogen
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
% of semen from seminal vesicle
60%
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
fructose is used for
spermatozoan metabolism
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
prostaglandins promoted
smooth muscle contraction in both men and women
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
fibrinogen leads to the formation of what
temp clot in vagina
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
the prostate gland secretes
fluid which is 20-30% semen
seminal plasmin
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
seminal plasmin is an
antibiotic
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
the bulbourethal glands (cowper’s glands)
secrete thick alky mucuous
<5% semen
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
anatomy of penis
shaft, head, foreskin
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
penis head
glans
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
penis foreskin
prepuce
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
muscles within penis
corpus spongiosum
corpora cavernosum
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
female gonads
ovaries
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
eggs are limited and usually depleted
late 40s-50s
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
female repo tract
ovary -fimbriae - infundibulum - fallopian tube (uterine tube) - or oviduct - uterus with cervix - vagina
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
broad ligament supports
uterus, oviduct, ovary
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
_________ supports the ovaries
ovarian ligament
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
oogenesis
oogonia - primary oocyte - secondary oocyte(ovulation)
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
_________ is the degeneration of primoridal follicles
atresia
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
_________ are cells taht after division do not become eggs
polar bodies
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
_________ is an immature egg
follicle
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
egg maturation
primoridal follicles - primary follicle - secondary follicle - graafian follicle - ovulated oocyte
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
after ovulation the _________ becomes _________
corpus luteum
corpus albicans
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
corpus luteum is what color
yellow
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
corpus albicans is what color
white
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
after the corpus luteum becomes the corpus albicans it does what
disintegrates
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
_________ stimultes the ovarian cycle
FSH
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
LH stimulates teh corpus luteum to secrete
progestins esp progesterone
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what secretes estrogen at primary follicle time
thecal cells
granulosa cells
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
anatomy of fallopian tube
infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what is located on the infundibulum
fibriae
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
uterus provides fetus
nutrients
warmth
protection
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
how many layers to uterus
3
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
layers of uterus
endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
endometrium
glandular
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
myometrium
muscle
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
perimetrium
serosa
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
uterus vascularity
arcuate arteries
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
uterine cycle
menses
proliferative
secretory
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
menses
degeneration of functional zone
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
menstruation
endometrial lining . bye bye
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
proliferative (after menses)
restoration
phase is sustained by estrogen
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
secretory phase
increase secretion and enlarge
peaks 12 days after ovulation
repeates unless blastocyst
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
_________ muscular tube with hymen
vagina
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
muscle located in vagina
bulbospgiousus
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
other female features
labia (majora and minora)
glans clitoris
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
mammary gland aka breast
nipple lactiferous sinus duct lobes pectoral fat pad
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
breast milk supplies
milk
colostrum
IgA
Chapter 27 - Reproductive
what stimulates milk production for suckle
prlactin
oxytocin
